NEW ORLEANS (AP) — Twenty years after Hurricane Katrina devastated the U.S. Gulf Coast with catastrophic storm surge and flooding, New Orleans marked the storm's anniversary Friday with solemn memorials, uplifting music and a parade that honored the dead, the displaced and the determined survivors who endured and rebuilt.
Dignitaries and longtime residents gathered under gray skies at the memorial to Katrina's victims in a New Orleans cemetery where dozens who perished in the storm but were never identified or claimed are interred.
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Jerome Williams Nola hugs his wife Ashley Williams along the floodwall of the Lower Ninth Ward of New Orleans, during an event to commemorate the 20th anniversary of Hurricane Katrina, Friday, Aug. 29, 2025. (AP Photo/Alex Brandon)
People form a second line parade during an event to commemorate the 20th anniversary of Hurricane Katrina, in the Lower Ninth Ward of New Orleans, Friday, Aug. 29, 2025. (AP Photo/Alex Brandon)
People form a second line parade during an event to commemorate the 20th anniversary of Hurricane Katrina, in the Lower Ninth Ward of New Orleans, Friday, Aug. 29, 2025. (AP Photo/Alex Brandon)
Members of the Original New Orleans Baby Dolls march in a second line parade to commemorate the 20th anniversary of Hurricane Katrina, in the Lower Ninth Ward of New Orleans, Friday, Aug. 29, 2025. (AP Photo/Gerald Herbert)
People form a second line parade during an event to commemorate the 20th anniversary of Hurricane Katrina, in the Lower Ninth Ward of New Orleans, Friday, Aug. 29, 2025. (AP Photo/Alex Brandon)
Jerome Williams Nola hugs his wife Ashley Williams along the floodwall of the Lower Ninth Ward of New Orleans, during an event to commemorate the 20th anniversary of Hurricane Katrina, Friday, Aug. 29, 2025. (AP Photo/Alex Brandon)
Luther Gray of the Congo Square Preservation Society plays a traditional African drum during an event to commemorate the 20th anniversary of Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans, Friday, Aug. 29, 2025. (AP Photo/Gerald Herbert)
New Orleans fire chiefs Zachary Gremillion, left, Ray Casey, and Byron Casey, right, stand at attention during a wreath laying event to commemorate the 20th anniversary of Hurricane Katrina, at the Hurricane Katrina Memorial in Charity Hospital Cemetery in New Orleans, Friday, Aug. 29, 2025. (AP Photo/Gerald Herbert)
The New Orleans Katrina Memorial stands behind Dr. Michael White during a wreath laying event to commemorate the 20th anniversary of Hurricane Katrina in Charity Hospital Cemetery in New Orleans, Friday, Aug. 29, 2025. (AP Photo/Gerald Herbert)
Jasminne Navarre hugs Constance Osum, left, during a wreath laying event to commemorate the 20th anniversary of Hurricane Katrina, at the Hurricane Katrina Memorial in Charity Hospital Cemetery in New Orleans, Friday, Aug. 29, 2025. (AP Photo/Gerald Herbert)
Gary Wainwright pauses at tombs for unidentified victims during a wreath laying event to commemorate the 20th anniversary of Hurricane Katrina, at the Hurricane Katrina Memorial in Charity Hospital Cemetery in New Orleans, Friday, Aug. 29, 2025. (AP Photo/Gerald Herbert)
FILE - A second-line parade makes its way past homes built by Brad Pitt's Make It Right Foundation to commemorate the 10th anniversary of Hurricane Katrina, in the Lower 9th Ward in New Orleans, Aug. 29, 2015. (AP Photo/Gerald Herbert, File)
FILE - A military helicopter drops a sandbag as work continues to repair the 17th Street canal levee in New Orleans, Sept. 5, 2005. (AP Photo/David J. Phillip, Pool, File)
FILE - Rhonda Braden walks through the destruction in her childhood neighborhood in Long Beach, Miss., Aug. 31, 2005, after Hurricane Katrina ravaged the area. (AP Photo/Rob Carr, File)
FILE - Evelyn Turner cries alongside the body of her common-law husband, Xavier Bowie, after he died in New Orleans, Aug. 30, 2005. (AP Photo/Eric Gay)
FILE - Arnold James tries to keep his feet as a strong gust nearly blows him over as makes his way on foot to the Louisiana Superdome in New Orleans, Aug. 29, 2005. (AP Photo/Dave Martin, File)
“We do everything to keep the memory of these people alive,” said Orrin Duncan, who worked for the coroner when Katrina hit. He comes to the memorial every year, opening the cemetery gate and making sure the grass is cut.
A Category 3 hurricane when it made landfall in Louisiana on Aug. 29, 2005, Katrina inflicted staggering destruction. The storm killed nearly 1,400 people across five states and racked up an estimated $200 billion in damage, flattening homes on the coast and sending ruinous flooding into low-lying neighborhoods.
Two decades later, it remains the costliest U.S. hurricane on record, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
The failure of New Orleans' federal levee system inundated about 80% of the city in floodwaters that took weeks to drain. Thousands of people clung to rooftops to survive or waited for evacuation in the sweltering, under-provisioned Superdome football stadium.
In New Orleans’ Lower Ninth Ward, a predominantly Black community ravaged by flooding when parts of the protective levee collapsed, hundreds watched Friday as an ensemble of white-clad children atop the levee wall sang a song of sorrow and survival.
“We are the children of the ones who did not die,” they sang. “We are the children of the people who could fly. And we are the children of the ones who persevered.”
At the cemetery memorial, revered jazz clarinetist Michael White played “When the Saints Go Marching In” as a procession carried several wreaths to lay beside mausoleums of the storm victims. Mayor LaToya Cantrell recalled the city's sacrifices and projected optimism for its future.
“New Orleans still stands,” Cantrell said. “New Orleans came back better and stronger than ever before.”
But other community leaders said the decades after the storm have deepened the city's challenges: growing gentrification and an affordable housing crisis, ailing infrastructure and ongoing disregard for the city's poorest neighborhoods like the Lower Ninth Ward, where a community Katrina memorial had fallen into disrepair. After public outcry earlier this month, a work crew had finally been dispatched to restore it and was laying bricks as anniversary events commenced.
Still, a sense of exuberance and communion filled the streets where hundreds joined a brass band parade known as a second line. The beloved New Orleans tradition has its roots in African American jazz funerals, in which bands accompanied grieving families marching beside a loved one's casket, followed by friends and bystanders.
Second line parades have been a staple of Katrina anniversaries since 2006. On Friday, people on bikes and stilts moved among dancers in bedazzled outfits marching to the snap of snare drums and the brassy thump of tubas.
Michael Jenkins painted his face and wore his black-and-gold feathered Mardi Gras costume to march in the parade as part of the city's famous Zulu Social Aid and Pleasure Club. He fled New Orleans as the storm bore down 20 years ago and wasn't able to return for two years.
“It’s a joyful time, but it’s also a somber time because we remember that we overcame a lot," Jenkins said. "By the grace of God, we’re still here.”
In the Lower Ninth Ward, a minute of silence in front of the levee was followed by defiant speeches from community leaders recalling the delayed government response to Katrina that exacerbated suffering in New Orleans. They warned that if President Donald Trump followed through on dismantling the Federal Emergency Management Agency, there would have grave consequences.
“Government neglect killed us,” local civil rights attorney Tracie Washington said. “We will never forget it.”
In Mississippi, where hundreds perished as Katrina's storm surge demolished homes overlooking the Gulf, residents and officials gathered to mark the anniversary in Gulfport.
Haley Barbour, Mississippi's governor when the hurricane struck, recalled the “utter obliteration” he witnessed from a helicopter after the storm passed.
"It looked like the hand of God had wiped away the coast,” Barbour said.
The population of New Orleans, nearly half a million before Katrina, is now 384,000 after displaced residents scattered across the nation. While New Orleans remains a majority Black city, the exodus disproportionately affected its Black residents. Tens of thousands were unable to return after Katrina. A federal rebuilding program favored the city's predominantly white and wealthy neighborhoods and failed to reach many in need.
After the storm, the levee system was rebuilt, public schools were privatized, most public housing projects were demolished and a public hospital known for serving the city's poor was shuttered.
New Orleans resident Gary Wainwright said never misses the cemetery memorial service on Katrina's anniversary. On Friday he wore a frayed red necktie, covered with the phrase “I love you.” He salvaged it from his battered home in the storm’s aftermath.
“It’s a little bit tattered, like the city," Wainwright said. "But it’s still beautiful.”
Brook is a corps member for The Associated Press/Report for America Statehouse News Initiative. Report for America is a nonprofit national service program that places journalists in local newsrooms to report on undercovered issues.
Jerome Williams Nola hugs his wife Ashley Williams along the floodwall of the Lower Ninth Ward of New Orleans, during an event to commemorate the 20th anniversary of Hurricane Katrina, Friday, Aug. 29, 2025. (AP Photo/Alex Brandon)
People form a second line parade during an event to commemorate the 20th anniversary of Hurricane Katrina, in the Lower Ninth Ward of New Orleans, Friday, Aug. 29, 2025. (AP Photo/Alex Brandon)
People form a second line parade during an event to commemorate the 20th anniversary of Hurricane Katrina, in the Lower Ninth Ward of New Orleans, Friday, Aug. 29, 2025. (AP Photo/Alex Brandon)
Members of the Original New Orleans Baby Dolls march in a second line parade to commemorate the 20th anniversary of Hurricane Katrina, in the Lower Ninth Ward of New Orleans, Friday, Aug. 29, 2025. (AP Photo/Gerald Herbert)
People form a second line parade during an event to commemorate the 20th anniversary of Hurricane Katrina, in the Lower Ninth Ward of New Orleans, Friday, Aug. 29, 2025. (AP Photo/Alex Brandon)
Jerome Williams Nola hugs his wife Ashley Williams along the floodwall of the Lower Ninth Ward of New Orleans, during an event to commemorate the 20th anniversary of Hurricane Katrina, Friday, Aug. 29, 2025. (AP Photo/Alex Brandon)
Luther Gray of the Congo Square Preservation Society plays a traditional African drum during an event to commemorate the 20th anniversary of Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans, Friday, Aug. 29, 2025. (AP Photo/Gerald Herbert)
New Orleans fire chiefs Zachary Gremillion, left, Ray Casey, and Byron Casey, right, stand at attention during a wreath laying event to commemorate the 20th anniversary of Hurricane Katrina, at the Hurricane Katrina Memorial in Charity Hospital Cemetery in New Orleans, Friday, Aug. 29, 2025. (AP Photo/Gerald Herbert)
The New Orleans Katrina Memorial stands behind Dr. Michael White during a wreath laying event to commemorate the 20th anniversary of Hurricane Katrina in Charity Hospital Cemetery in New Orleans, Friday, Aug. 29, 2025. (AP Photo/Gerald Herbert)
Jasminne Navarre hugs Constance Osum, left, during a wreath laying event to commemorate the 20th anniversary of Hurricane Katrina, at the Hurricane Katrina Memorial in Charity Hospital Cemetery in New Orleans, Friday, Aug. 29, 2025. (AP Photo/Gerald Herbert)
Gary Wainwright pauses at tombs for unidentified victims during a wreath laying event to commemorate the 20th anniversary of Hurricane Katrina, at the Hurricane Katrina Memorial in Charity Hospital Cemetery in New Orleans, Friday, Aug. 29, 2025. (AP Photo/Gerald Herbert)
FILE - A second-line parade makes its way past homes built by Brad Pitt's Make It Right Foundation to commemorate the 10th anniversary of Hurricane Katrina, in the Lower 9th Ward in New Orleans, Aug. 29, 2015. (AP Photo/Gerald Herbert, File)
FILE - A military helicopter drops a sandbag as work continues to repair the 17th Street canal levee in New Orleans, Sept. 5, 2005. (AP Photo/David J. Phillip, Pool, File)
FILE - Rhonda Braden walks through the destruction in her childhood neighborhood in Long Beach, Miss., Aug. 31, 2005, after Hurricane Katrina ravaged the area. (AP Photo/Rob Carr, File)
FILE - Evelyn Turner cries alongside the body of her common-law husband, Xavier Bowie, after he died in New Orleans, Aug. 30, 2005. (AP Photo/Eric Gay)
FILE - Arnold James tries to keep his feet as a strong gust nearly blows him over as makes his way on foot to the Louisiana Superdome in New Orleans, Aug. 29, 2005. (AP Photo/Dave Martin, File)
