Hong Kong Dollar Exchange Rate Index Rises to 101.5 on February 24, 2026

Effective Exchange Rate Index

The effective exchange rate index for the Hong Kong dollar on Tuesday, February 24, 2026 is 101.5 (up 0.1 against yesterday's index).

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Fire Services Department Year-end Review 2025

The following is the 2025 Year-end Review delivered by the Director of Fire Services, Mr Andy Yeung, today (February 24):

Preamble

The past year posed significant challenges for the Fire Services Department (FSD). In March, FSD personnel, serving as members of the HKSAR (Hong Kong Special Administrative Region) search and rescue team, travelled to quake-stricken areas of Myanmar to provide international relief assistance and help with search and rescue operations. In September, confronted by Super Typhoon Ragasa, the FSD responded to multiple incidents to safeguard the lives of the people of Hong Kong. In November, every member of the department fought tirelessly during the No. 5 alarm fire at Wang Fuk Court in Tai Po, undertaking exceptionally arduous firefighting and rescue missions.

It is through the unwavering commitment of colleagues of all grades, who brave challenges together under all circumstances and remain dedicated to the mission of "saving those in distress and protecting the community", that the FSD upholds its professionalism and delivers fire and ambulance services to the public. These services encompass firefighting and rescue operations, fire protection regulatory work, ambulance service, as well as communications and mobilisation.

1) Firefighting and rescue services

The FSD received a total of 35 972 fire calls last year, representing a decrease of 4.9 per cent over 2024 (37 828 calls). This decline was mainly attributable to a reduction in false alarms (26 915 cases), down 8.3 per cent from 2024 (29 357 cases). Among these, there were 2 000 damaging building fires, a slight increase of 25 cases compared with 2024 (1 975 cases). The principal causes of the fires were electrical faults and human negligence, such as careless handling of cigarette ends and candles, accounting for approximately 42 per cent and 25 per cent respectively. In addition, 96.1 per cent of building fire calls were responded to within the graded response time, about 3.6 per cent higher than the department's target set out in the performance pledge (i.e. 92.5 per cent).

Reflecting on the past year, not only did the No. 5 alarm fire at Wang Fuk Court in Tai Po on November 26 claim 168 lives, it also resulted in the grievous loss of a dedicated and fearless colleague, Senior Fireman (Posthumous) Ho Wai-ho, who tragically sacrificed his life in the line of duty. His passing plunged all members of the FSD into profound sorrow. During this unprecedented time of hardship, the compassion, encouragement, and support from all sectors of the community gave FSD members immense strength, and the FSD would once again express heartfelt gratitude to all parties involved. The FSD remains resolute in mission, true to founding aspirations, committed to carrying forward the selfless spirit of the fallen colleague, and determined to spare no efforts in safeguarding the lives and property of the public.

With regard to special service calls, a total of 42 485 calls were received during the year, representing an 8 per cent increase over 2024 (39 320 calls). Notable incidents included Super Typhoon Ragasa that struck Hong Kong directly in September, during which the FSD handled over 800 special service calls, including 514 cases involving fallen trees. Even while the Tropical Cyclone Warning Signal No. 8 was in force, the FSD co-ordinated with departments such as the Highways Department and the Transport Department to swiftly clear fallen trees obstructing major roads at strategic locations across different districts. This ensured that trunk roads remained accessible, rescue routes unobstructed, and normalcy restored as quickly as possible.

In October, a serious aircraft accident occurred at Hong Kong International Airport. Fire personnel promptly attended the scene upon receiving the report and carried out rescue operations, successfully evacuating four crew members from the cabin.

On the international humanitarian relief front, following the 7.7-magnitude earthquake that struck Myanmar in March last year, the FSD personnel once again joined the HKSAR search and rescue team to assist in search and rescue efforts. Working jointly with China's search and rescue teams, the members successfully rescued one survivor who had been trapped for more than 125 hours.

2) Fire protection regulatory work

The FSD has consistently pioneered new initiatives, keeping pace with the times to benefit the public and facilitate business operations in fire protection regulatory work, while striving to enhance overall fire safety standards.

The Registered Fire Engineer Scheme was launched in November last year. In the first phase, food business operators within the designated scope were able to leverage the expertise of professionals and qualified persons from the market to conduct fire safety risk assessments, thereby significantly shortening the licensing application time. This scheme not only facilitates business operations but also fosters the professional growth of Hong Kong's fire engineering sector, creating more opportunities for the industry.

Meanwhile, the FSD has remained committed to helping target buildings governed by the Fire Safety (Buildings) Ordinance comply with its requirements, thereby elevating target buildings' fire safety standards to modern benchmarks. In the second quarter of last year, following the establishment of the Building Improvement Support Centre in Yau Tsim Mong District inKowloon, the FSD further set up centres in Wan Chai District on Hong Kong Island and Yuen Long District in the New Territories. This expansion greatly increased the service coverage and made it more convenient for owners and occupiers of old buildings to obtain one-stop support services. As of end-2025, the three centres had collectively handled 23 239 cases. Meanwhile, the department divided the fire safety improvement works into four stages and rolled out a series of support measures in 2024; these measures have greatly helped target buildings comply with the relevant requirements ever since their implementation. Last year saw a significant increase in the number of buildings having fulfilled the second-stage requirements, that is, having their fire services installation drawings approved. The figure rose from 1 176 target buildings in 2024 to 1 507 in 2025, representing an increase of 28.1 per cent.

In the third quarter of last year, the FSD implemented a pilot scheme for the defaulted works mechanism under the Ordinance. This scheme allows the enforcement authorities (EAs) to carry out fire safety improvement works on behalf of owners of target buildings who are unable to comply with the Fire Safety Directions or Fire Safety Compliance Orders, thereby assisting those facing genuine difficulties in meeting statutory requirements. The EAs have awarded works consultancy and contractor contracts for 10 target buildings, and the defaulted works for the first building are expected to be completed by mid-2026.

In the fourth quarter of last year, the FSD launched the Pilot Scheme on the Internet of Things fire detection system (IoT FDS), selecting 10 target buildings of six storeys or below across Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and the New Territories for installation of the IoT FDS. By leveraging advanced IoT technology, the scheme aims to enhance the level of intelligentisation and informatisation in firefighting, strengthening the fire prevention and control capabilities of old buildings. The pilot scheme is expected to conclude in the first quarter of this year, after which the department will conduct a comprehensive review of the system's effectiveness and assess its feasibility as an alternative to traditional fire service installations and equipment (FSI). The goal is to help owners of target buildings comply with the Fire Safety Directions more efficiently and conveniently, thereby effectively enhancing the overall fire safety standards of old buildings in the long term.

For the certification and acceptance inspection of FSI, the FSD established the One-stop Coordination Office for New Fire Protection Facilities Acceptance (OFFA) in March last year. Through a series of support measures, the office aims to shorten the overall time required for acceptance inspections, reducing the average duration from 52 to 35 days for average-scale regular projects and 22 days for public housing projects. As of December 31, 2025, 153 regular projects and 11 public housing projects had successfully completed acceptance inspections within the specified timeframes, achieving an overall compliance rate of 100 per cent. In addition, the department introduced a series of support measures, including setting up a dedicated webpage, establishing an advisory panel on new fire protection facilities acceptance and enabling inspection progress checks via a mobile application, to fully dovetail with society's rapid development.

To align with the development of the mega event economy, the FSD has enhanced the fire safety inspection and acceptance workflows for Temporary Places of Public Entertainment Licence applications. Measures include conducting compliance inspections on fire safety requirements via video conferencing for some event venues with lower safety risks and issuing electronic certificates immediately to provide more efficient and flexible services. Since the launch of the pilot scheme on conducting compliance inspection via video conferencing on August 1, 2025, a total of 563 cases had been processed as of December 31, 2025, with the inspection and acceptance time significantly reduced to as fast as one working day. The FSD will fully implement the mechanism of acceptance via video conferencing in the first quarter of 2026.

To combat illicit fuelling activities, the FSD formulated three new strategies in October last year. First, a dedicated Illicit Fuelling Activities reporting section was added to the Fire Hazard Electronic Complaint Portal, together with the establishment of a 24-hour reporting hotline to encourage public reporting so as to put in place a community-wide surveillance network, and 86 reports were received during the period. Second, drones were deployed for aerial patrols to strengthen inspection of black spots for illegal fuel stations, extending coverage to remote areas, and 51 patrols were conducted during the period. Third, the Anti-Illicit Fuelling Activities Strategy Group was established to enhance communication and collaboration among government departments and with the industry, and to jointly formulate countermeasures.

As a result of effective publicity and public education efforts, the FSD received 931 complaints concerning illicit fuelling activities last year, representing a 138.7 per cent increase compared with the 390 cases reported in 2024. The department conducted 2 067 fire safety and surprise inspections, together with 25 interdepartmental enforcement operations, seizing over 530 000 litres of fuel and instituted prosecutions on 239 charges.

Regarding fire safety inspections, the FSD established four Divisional Public Safety Teams (DPSTs) in March last year by optimising internal manpower deployment. These teams were set up in the Central Division of Hong Kong Island Command, the West Division and the South Division of Kowloon Command, and the South Division of New Territories South Command. The teams will proactively inspect targeted old composite buildings to strengthen fire hazard law enforcement and fire safety education. Over the year, inspections were conducted on 1 367 target buildings. A total of 3 569 Fire Hazard Abatement Notices (FHANs) were issued for floating obstructions to means of escape, locking of means of escape, and wedging open of smoke stop doors, representing 43 per cent of all notices issued by the FSD last year, and 57 prosecutions were instituted.

Furthermore, in response to the anticipated surge in foot traffic during festive periods in commercial buildings with a high number of licensed premises, the FSD conducted a special fire safety inspection and enforcement operation on December 23 and 24, 2025, to eliminate potential fire hazards. Inspections of 132 commercial buildings were conducted, resulting in the issuance of 376 FHANs and 53 prosecutions.

To safeguard the safety of industrial building occupants, the FSD conducted a joint inspection and enforcement operation in nine industrial buildings with the Buildings Department (BD) from December 29 to 31, 2025, resulting in the issuance of 22 FHANs and three prosecutions in relation to the obstruction of means of escape. In addition, the inspection revealed defective smoke stop doors and FSIs in some buildings. The FSD will issue FHANs to the persons-in-charge and continue to take necessary follow-up actions.

Throughout the year, the department conducted a total of 447 464 fire safety inspections, which led to the issuance of 17 093 FHANs and the institution of 3 458 prosecutions.

Lastly, in the wake of the No.5 alarm fire at Wang Fuk Court in Tai Po, the FSD introduced a series of targeted measures to enhance the overall safety standard:

First, a dedicated Inspection Team was established to conduct inspections on FSIs in buildings undergoing major maintenance works, focusing on functional testing of fire alarms and fire hydrant/hose reel systems, and to carry out investigation and enforcement actions against problematic cases;

Second, a round-the-clock Quick Response Team was formed to proactively inspect the operation of the relevant FSI systems immediately at the scene of building fires. If the FSIs are found not to be in efficient working order, responsible parties will be required to take immediate remedial measures, and the team will take enforcement actions against violations of regulations;

Third, alerts to residents during periods of major FSI failure were strengthened. The FSD issued circular letters early this year, requiring contractors to post Damage Notices meeting standard specifications at prominent locations on defective FSIs, such as hose reels and manual call points. These notices must detail relevant information, including the dates of any suspension of FSI operation and areas being affected, so as to enhance residents' fire safety awareness during malfunctions or shutdowns of FSIs; and

Fourth, publicity, education, and training for the public, owners' corporations and property management companies were actively reinforced. This includes encouraging more frequent fire alarm testing and fire drills, as well as recommending the organisation of disaster and emergency preparedness seminars prior to the drills.

3) Ambulance service

In 2025, a total of 778 191 emergency calls were received, representing a decrease of 0.8 per cent compared to the 784 243 cases in 2024. Of these, 95.9 per cent were responded to within the target response time of 12 minutes, exceeding the department's performance pledge of 92.5 per cent by 3.4 per cent.

To improve survival rates and functional recovery opportunities for stroke patients, the FSD collaborated with the Hospital Authority (HA) to launch the Pre-hospital Stroke Diversion Scheme in the New Territories East and New Territories West Clusters of the HA in the fourth quarter of last year. Under this scheme, ambulance personnel will conduct on-scene assessments on suspected stroke patients. Those preliminarily assessed as having a large vessel occlusion will be conveyed directly to designated cluster hospitals, so as to seize the golden window for timely treatment.

To instil a culture of proactive intervention and encourage public assistance during emergencies, the FSD has continued to promote first aid training and expand the coverage of automated external defibrillators (AEDs). Notably, the Secondary School Student Digital AED and CPR Experiential Programme, launched in 2024, successfully engaged an additional 55 schools last year and provided training to over 11 000 students. Looking ahead, the FSD will continue to promote the programme, with the goal of no fewer than 5 000 students participating in the programme annually.

In addition, with the Scout Association of Hong Kong and the Hong Kong Girl Guides Association joining the Resuscitation Alliance (RA) in 2025, the number of RA member organisations has increased to 11. Last year, approximately 8 000 out-of-hospital cardiac arrest cases were handled by the FSD, with an average of 22 cases per day; and currently, more than 280 000 members of the public have completed training offered by the RA, meaning that one in every 27 people in Hong Kong has pledged to offer aid when encountering a person suffering cardiac arrest.

As an effort to expand AED coverage, the department has maintained close collaboration with participating organisations. The number of publicly accessible AED units across Hong Kong increased to 4 038 in 2025, representing a growth of more than 700 units compared with 2024. Furthermore, with funding from the Hong Kong Jockey Club Charities Trust under the AED Everywhere Programme, the FSD is working closely with the Housing Department and the Hong Kong Housing Society to extend AED deployment in public housing estates, striving to ensure protection and wider access for the community.

4) Safeguarding national security

To safeguard national security, the FSD has taken a resolute and unequivocal stance, carrying out its duties with steadfast commitment through concrete actions. Over the past five years, the department has progressively enhanced its responsibilities. From regulating dangerous goods to strengthening counter-terrorism capabilities, and from enhancing public emergency preparedness to participating in international rescue operations, national security considerations have been comprehensively integrated into the FSD's daily work.

Last year, the FSD participated in 17 interdepartmental counter-terrorism (CT) exercises and provided CT training to more than 1 300 frontline personnel. To foster emergency response capabilities among the younger generation, the FSD pioneered a training programme named "BLUE" for educational institutions in the first quarter of last year. The programme was designed to help participants quickly grasp the four key steps in responding to chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear incidents, while avoiding secondary contamination. The scope of the programme has since been expanded to include members of the transportation and energy sectors, as well as government departments that handle chemicals. As of December 31, 2025, training had been provided to 1 219 members of the public, including 800 secondary and post-secondary school students.

This year, the department will continue to implement relevant educational initiatives, with the target of providing training to no fewer than 1 100 individuals, thereby building a more resilient safety shield for Hong Kong.

5) Links with the Mainland and overseas

Last year, the FSD devoted itself to strengthening ties with both the Mainland and overseas partners, through the work on diverse fronts such as emergency response and rescue, paramedical training, and academic exchanges. These efforts actively fostered cross-regional professional collaboration and promoted sustainable development.

In addition, the FSD signed a Memorandum of Understanding with the China Fire and Rescue Institute, with the aim of enhancing co-operation in nurturing quality firefighting and rescue personnel. To achieve this initiative, the department arranged, in the fourth quarter of last year, for two senior Compartment Fire Behaviour Training instructors to be seconded to Beijing, where they delivered courses at the China Fire and Rescue Institute for the first time. This initiative was designed to strengthen the professional development of fire and rescue services and to enhance national public safety standards.

In November last year, the department hosted the International Aquatic Rescue Technical Exchange, bringing together frontline aquatic rescuers and experts from the Mainland, Hong Kong, Macao, and eight neighbouring Asia-Pacific countries, thereby fostering in-depth exchanges on aquatic rescue techniques and practical experience.

This year, the FSD will continue to deepen rescue co-operation and co-ordination mechanisms within the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, with the goal of expediting the standardisation and alignment of key elements in operational procedures among the three areas, while sustaining collaboration with partners from the Mainland and the international community.

6) Community collaboration

The FSD has been promoting youth development, with a commitment to nurturing a new generation of young people with an affection for the country and Hong Kong, who are equipped with global perspectives, positive thinking and a strong sense of responsibility. To this end, the Fire and Ambulance Services Teen Connect (FAST Connect) was expanded to the primary school level last year, with membership exceeding 1 500. To guide members in exploring future career paths, FAST Connect offered 20 members the opportunity to undertake a four-week placement across different posts within the FSD in July last year. This allowed them to gain first-hand experience of the department's diverse range of work and cultivate team spirit.

In addition, the FSD launched the Ethnic Minority Community Emergency Preparedness Participation Scheme, tailor-made for the ethnic minority community. To enhance effectiveness, the scheme was subsequently expanded to different age groups across all districts in Hong Kong, engaging over 3 000 ethnic minority members last year. Moving forward, the department will continue to improve the scheme in three key areas: the breadth of service coverage, the depth of content, and the extent of community engagement, working hand in hand with ethnic minority communities to build robust community partnerships.

Given that approximately 70 per cent of the damaging building fires in 2024 occurred in domestic buildings, the FSD has adopted a multipronged approach to deliver targeted publicity and education, aiming to raise public awareness of home fire safety and emergency response capabilities.

In the second quarter of last year, the FSD regularised the Home Fire Safety Visits initiative, renaming it the "Old Friends" Home Visit Scheme and conducting comprehensive promotion. By visiting singleton or doubleton elderly persons living in public housing estates, the scheme assesses home fire hazards and provides fire safety education, thus holistically enhancing the fire safety awareness and emergency response capabilities of the elderly. In 2025, the scheme had been extended to 15 public housing estates across the territory. The department will continue to expand the scope of the scheme, with plans to visit over 1 000 elderly households in the coming year.

To further strengthen partnerships and collaboration within the community, the FSD has been promoting a community-based public safety strategy in recent years. Through the FSD Community Collaboration Network, the department has deepened connections with community members to formulate and implement district-specific fire safety policies tailored to local circumstances, ensuring that these policies effectively address society needs. Moreover, the department has implemented four key performance indicators (KPIs) for public safety across 18 districts in Hong Kong, with the aim of reducing potential fire hazards and enhancing residents' fire safety awareness and emergency response capabilities. These KPIs include efforts in promoting fire safety information to residents of buildings with potential fire risks, assisting residents in installing stand-alone fire detectors, and distributing the Three Treasures for Fire Protection. In 2025, the FSD distributed a total of 3 036 sets of the Three Treasures to the public. This year, the FSD plans to upgrade the existing Three Treasures to a Disaster and Emergency Preparedness Kit (DEP Kit) with the addition of smoke hoods, and to increase the quantity to be distributed. The target is to distribute 5 400 sets of DEP Kits to members of the public in the coming year, equivalent to 300 sets per district.

Last year, the department also devoted significant efforts to promoting the FSD Community Emergency Responder (FSDCER) Scheme, recruiting over 8 000 members. This has enhanced public fire safety awareness and emergency response capability, contributing to a stronger community-based safety net. This year, the FSD will strengthen both the depth and breadth of the FSDCER Scheme. In terms of depth, the FSD will introduce the Building Emergency Responder under the scheme to provide specialised training on building fire safety for property management personnel, representatives of owners' corporations and building occupants, with a view to enhancing their knowledge of FSIs, potential fire hazards and emergency response procedures. In terms of breadth, referencing the recruitment situation of FSDCERs in the previous year, the annual recruitment target for FSDCERs will be increased from 5 000 to 10 000 new members, with more institutions invited to participate, thereby expanding the community safety network.

Furthermore, since December last year, the FSD has been meeting with representatives of the property management sector to encourage them to conduct voluntary fire alarm tests, strengthen alerts during periods of major FSI failure, and increase the frequency of fire drills. These meetings are expected to enhance fire safety awareness among property owners and the property management sector, while reinforcing fire prevention efforts.

7) Benefitting the public through innovative technology

In response to the challenges brought by rapid societal development, the FSD continues to pursue innovation and progress, actively leveraging technology and new initiatives to deliver enhanced services to the public.

In the field of firefighting and rescue, the department introduced drones equipped with automated drone docks and high payload capacity last year. These drones are deployed in locations such as typhoon shelters and rural areas to perform tasks including early fire detection and the delivery of emergency rescue equipment, thereby enhancing overall rescue efficiency and operational flexibility.

To improve the quality of paramedic services, the department developed and launched the Ambulance Data Dashboard last year. By analysing the duty data of emergency ambulance service and frontline ambulance personnel, the dashboard enables more effective deployment of ambulance resources and supports the continuous optimisation of medical procedures.

Furthermore, to support the development of the Northern Metropolis, the department established the FSD Steering Committee on the Development of the Northern Metropolis in the fourth quarter of last year. By strengthening project co-ordination and supervision, the committee seeks to expedite the vetting process for land development and infrastructure projects.

8) Plans for the year ahead

Apart from the above plans already set forth, the FSD will continue to implement the initiatives outlined in the Policy Address and the Strategic Plan 2024-2026 in the coming year.

With respect to enhancing professional capabilities, the FSD's Disaster Response and Rescue Team (DRRT) will undergo an assessment by the United Nations International Search and Rescue Advisory Group in the first half of 2026. Upon successful accreditation, it will become an internationally accredited medium urban search and rescue team, marking it as China's third internationally recognised search and rescue team. This milestone will enable the DRRT to play a more prominent role in future international rescue operations.

With respect to fire protection work, following the earlier introduction of electronic licence and certificate services, the department will roll out a new licence application progress tracking feature in the FSD mobile application. This feature facilitates the checking of the vetting progress of Fire Services Certificates and the status of document submissions at any time. The department will also establish a dedicated website with a visual interface that consolidates and displays fire safety requirements for various types of premises, assisting prospective operators of restaurants or other licensed premises in quickly grasping compliance requirements.

In enhancing the fire safety standards of old buildings, firstly, the FSD will continue to evaluate the effectiveness of the Pilot Scheme on the IoT FDS. The first phase of assessment is expected to be completed in the second quarter of 2026. Subject to satisfactory results, the IoT FDS will immediately be adopted for installations in target buildings of six storeys or below. The FSD will actively explore the technical feasibility of extending the system to target buildings of seven storeys or above, with a view to raising the fire safety standards of composite and domestic buildings of greater height.

Secondly, as the EAs, the FSD and the BD will continue to monitor the implementation of the pilot scheme of the defaulted works mechanism, under which 10 target buildings have been selected for the Government to carry out defaulted works. Upon completion of the pilot scheme, the EAs will decide on the number and schedule of defaulted works per annum after consolidating the experience, taking into account factors such as the industry's capacity to undertake such works, and will formulate long-term and holistic strategies for the defaulted works mechanism. The EAs expect that defaulted works can be carried out for around 20 to 60 target buildings each year.

Finally, to further step up the monitoring and management of potential fire hazards in old buildings, the FSD will conduct a comprehensive analysis of multiple factors, including the building's year of completion, whether it is a "three-nil" building, its past fire records, and relevant data obtained from inspection record. Based on this analysis, a set of "risk maps" will be created for areas covered by the four DPSTs, and target buildings will be assigned risk levels accordingly. This will assist the FSD in adopting a data-driven approach to formulate more targeted inspection and fire prevention strategies, thereby enhancing the overall fire safety standards of buildings more effectively. In the long run, subject to manpower resources, the FSD aims to extend the DPSTs to other operational commands.

Under the rapid development of society, the OFFA will maintain its focus on four primary objectives, namely proactive co-ordination, streamlining acceptance inspection procedures, enhancing workflow transparency, and promoting professionalism. The OFFA is committed to further enhancing the overall efficiency of FSI acceptance inspections of new buildings and projects that facilitate business operations and benefit the public by the FSD, with a view to expediting the completion of development projects.

Finally, to combat illicit fuelling activities, the FSD will continue to strengthen publicity and public education, while facilitating interdepartmental co-ordination and communication among stakeholders, so as to enhance information sharing and intelligence integration. At the same time, the FSD will proactively conduct jointdepartmental enforcement operations to improve enforcement efficiency and safeguard public safety.

Conclusion

Looking back on the past year, the FSD encountered formidable challenges. Yet, through the unity, diligence and devotion of its members, the department overcame these difficulties together as one. Looking ahead, the FSD will continue to press forward with determination, striving to enhance the efficiency and quality of its services, while contributing to the prosperity and stability of Hong Kong.

The Fire Services Department Year-end Review was held at the Fire and Ambulance Services Academy today (February 24). Photo shows the Director of Fire Services, Mr Andy Yeung (centre); the Deputy Director of Fire Services (Operations), Mr Derek Armstrong Chan (right); and the Deputy Director of Fire Services (Public Safety and Corporate Strategy), Mr Wong Ka-wing (left). Source: HKSAR Government Press Releases