PHOTO COLLECTION: Carnival Across Latin America

This is a collection of photos chosen by AP photo editors.

Performers from the Vila Isabel samba school dance during Carnival celebrations at the Sambadrome in Rio de Janeiro, early Tuesday, March 4, 2025. (AP Photo/Bruna Prado)

Revelers dance during the "Jisk'a Anata," or small party in Aymara, in La Paz, Bolivia, Monday, March 3, 2025. (AP Photo/Juan Karita)

A member of the "Ilusiones de Palermo" group performs during Carnival celebrations in Buenos Aires, Argentina, Tuesday, March 4, 2025. (AP Photo/Natacha Pisarenko)

Dancers from the "Ilusiones de Palermo" group perform during Carnival celebrations in Buenos Aires, Argentina, Tuesday, March 4, 2025. (AP Photo/Natacha Pisarenko)

An artist prepares for Carnival celebrations at the Sambadrome in Rio de Janeiro, Monday, March 3, 2025. (AP Photo/Bruna Prado)

Performers from the Vila Isabel samba school dance during Carnival celebrations at the Sambadrome in Rio de Janeiro, early Tuesday, March 4, 2025. (AP Photo/Bruna Prado)

Children spray foam at each other during the "Jisk'a Anata," or small party in Aymara, in La Paz, Bolivia, Monday, March 3, 2025. (AP Photo/Juan Karita)

Drum queen Sabrina Sato from Vila Isabel performs during Carnival celebrations at the Sambadrome in Rio de Janeiro, early Tuesday, March 4, 2025. (AP Photo/Bruna Prado)

Transgender women with the Paraiso de Tuiuti samba school wait for a rehearsal for the Carnival parade in Rio de Janeiro, Saturday, Feb. 22, 2025. (AP Photo/Silvia Izquierdo)

Revelers dance during the "Jisk'a Anata," or small party in Aymara, in La Paz, Bolivia, Monday, March 3, 2025. (AP Photo/Juan Karita)

Revelers gather on a bridge during Carnival in Sao Luiz do Paraitinga, Brazil, Sunday, March 2, 2025. (AP Photo/Andre Penner)

Revelers attend the Carmelitas street party on the first official day of Carnival in Rio de Janeiro, Friday, Feb. 28, 2025. (AP Photo/Bruna Prado)

Band musicians perform in a pre-carnival celebration in Oruro, Bolivia, Saturday, Feb. 22, 2025. (AP Photo/Juan Karita)

A reveler dressed as a Pierrot sings during the "Cordao do Boitata" street pre-carnival party in Rio de Janeiro, Sunday, Feb. 23, 2025. (AP Photo/Bruna Prado)

Performers from the Vila Isabel samba school dance during Carnival celebrations at the Sambadrome in Rio de Janeiro, early Tuesday, March 4, 2025. (AP Photo/Bruna Prado)

Band musicians perform during a pre-carnival celebration in Oruro, Bolivia, Saturday, Feb. 22, 2025. (AP Photo/Juan Karita)

A dog named Julia, wearing a tiara and wings, attends the "Blocao" dog carnival parade in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Saturday, March 1, 2025. (AP Photo/Silvia Izquierdo)

Revelers share a kiss during the traditional Mud Block carnival party in Paraty, Brazil, Saturday, March 1, 2025. (AP Photo/Andre Penner)

A candombe drummer performs during a Carnival parade in Montevideo, Uruguay, Wednesday, Feb. 19, 2025. (AP Photo/Matilde Campodonico)

Musicians play Andean flutes during a competition to elect representatives for three Carnival characters — Chuta, Pepino and Chola — in El Alto, Bolivia, Wednesday, Feb. 19, 2025. (AP Photo/Juan Karita)

A large puppet of U.S. President Donald Trump is paraded during Carnival celebrations alongside other puppets of local politicians and artists in Olinda, Pernambuco state, Brazil, Monday, March 3, 2025. (AP Photo/Andre Mantelli)

Revelers dance during an Andean Carnival celebration in El Alto, Bolivia, Saturday, March 1, 2025. (AP Photo/Juan Karita)

Transgender women Negriny Venture, left, and Leticia Mamede prepare Carnival costumes for the Paraiso de Tuiuti samba school in Rio de Janeiro, Wednesday, Feb. 12, 2025. (AP Photo/Silvia Izquierdo)

Students are sprayed with foam during Carnival celebrations in La Paz, Bolivia, Friday, Feb. 28, 2025. (AP Photo/Juan Karita)

Children spray foam at performers during a Carnival parade in Montevideo, Uruguay, Wednesday, Feb. 19, 2025. (AP Photo/Matilde Campodonico)

Drum queen Lorena Raissa from Beija-Flor samba school performs during Carnival celebrations at the Sambadrome in Rio de Janeiro, early Tuesday, March 4, 2025. (AP Photo/Bruna Prado)

Contestants vying to represent Chola and Chuta for Carnival dance during an election ceremony, in El Alto, Bolivia, Wednesday, Feb. 19, 2025. (AP Photo/Juan Karita)

Revelers dance during the "Jisk'a Anata," or small party in Aymara, in La Paz, Bolivia, Monday, March 3, 2025. (AP Photo/Juan Karita)

WASHINGTON (AP) — Becky Pepper-Jackson finished third in the discus throw in West Virginia last year though she was in just her first year of high school. Now a 15-year-old sophomore, Pepper-Jackson is aware that her upcoming season could be her last.

West Virginia has banned transgender girls like Pepper-Jackson from competing in girls and women's sports, and is among the more than two dozen states with similar laws. Though the West Virginia law has been blocked by lower courts, the outcome could be different at the conservative-dominated Supreme Court, which has allowed multiple restrictions on transgender people to be enforced in the past year.

The justices are hearing arguments Tuesday in two cases over whether the sports bans violate the Constitution or the landmark federal law known as Title IX that prohibits sex discrimination in education. The second case comes from Idaho, where college student Lindsay Hecox challenged that state's law.

Decisions are expected by early summer.

President Donald Trump's Republican administration has targeted transgender Americans from the first day of his second term, including ousting transgender people from the military and declaring that gender is immutable and determined at birth.

Pepper-Jackson has become the face of the nationwide battle over the participation of transgender girls in athletics that has played out at both the state and federal levels as Republicans have leveraged the issue as a fight for athletic fairness for women and girls.

“I think it’s something that needs to be done,” Pepper-Jackson said in an interview with The Associated Press that was conducted over Zoom. “It’s something I’m here to do because ... this is important to me. I know it’s important to other people. So, like, I’m here for it.”

She sat alongside her mother, Heather Jackson, on a sofa in their home just outside Bridgeport, a rural West Virginia community about 40 miles southwest of Morgantown, to talk about a legal fight that began when she was a middle schooler who finished near the back of the pack in cross-country races.

Pepper-Jackson has grown into a competitive discus and shot put thrower. In addition to the bronze medal in the discus, she finished eighth among shot putters.

She attributes her success to hard work, practicing at school and in her backyard, and lifting weights. Pepper-Jackson has been taking puberty-blocking medication and has publicly identified as a girl since she was in the third grade, though the Supreme Court's decision in June upholding state bans on gender-affirming medical treatment for minors has forced her to go out of state for care.

Her very improvement as an athlete has been cited as a reason she should not be allowed to compete against girls.

“There are immutable physical and biological characteristic differences between men and women that make men bigger, stronger, and faster than women. And if we allow biological males to play sports against biological females, those differences will erode the ability and the places for women in these sports which we have fought so hard for over the last 50 years,” West Virginia's attorney general, JB McCuskey, said in an AP interview. McCuskey said he is not aware of any other transgender athlete in the state who has competed or is trying to compete in girls or women’s sports.

Despite the small numbers of transgender athletes, the issue has taken on outsize importance. The NCAA and the U.S. Olympic and Paralympic Committees banned transgender women from women's sports after Trump signed an executive order aimed at barring their participation.

The public generally is supportive of the limits. An Associated Press-NORC Center for Public Affairs Research poll conducted in October 2025 found that about 6 in 10 U.S. adults “strongly” or “somewhat” favored requiring transgender children and teenagers to only compete on sports teams that match the sex they were assigned at birth, not the gender they identify with, while about 2 in 10 were “strongly” or “somewhat” opposed and about one-quarter did not have an opinion.

About 2.1 million adults, or 0.8%, and 724,000 people age 13 to 17, or 3.3%, identify as transgender in the U.S., according to the Williams Institute at the UCLA School of Law.

Those allied with the administration on the issue paint it in broader terms than just sports, pointing to state laws, Trump administration policies and court rulings against transgender people.

"I think there are cultural, political, legal headwinds all supporting this notion that it’s just a lie that a man can be a woman," said John Bursch, a lawyer with the conservative Christian law firm Alliance Defending Freedom that has led the legal campaign against transgender people. “And if we want a society that respects women and girls, then we need to come to terms with that truth. And the sooner that we do that, the better it will be for women everywhere, whether that be in high school sports teams, high school locker rooms and showers, abused women’s shelters, women’s prisons.”

But Heather Jackson offered different terms to describe the effort to keep her daughter off West Virginia's playing fields.

“Hatred. It’s nothing but hatred,” she said. "This community is the community du jour. We have a long history of isolating marginalized parts of the community.”

Pepper-Jackson has seen some of the uglier side of the debate on display, including when a competitor wore a T-shirt at the championship meet that said, “Men Don't Belong in Women's Sports.”

“I wish these people would educate themselves. Just so they would know that I’m just there to have a good time. That’s it. But it just, it hurts sometimes, like, it gets to me sometimes, but I try to brush it off,” she said.

One schoolmate, identified as A.C. in court papers, said Pepper-Jackson has herself used graphic language in sexually bullying her teammates.

Asked whether she said any of what is alleged, Pepper-Jackson said, “I did not. And the school ruled that there was no evidence to prove that it was true.”

The legal fight will turn on whether the Constitution's equal protection clause or the Title IX anti-discrimination law protects transgender people.

The court ruled in 2020 that workplace discrimination against transgender people is sex discrimination, but refused to extend the logic of that decision to the case over health care for transgender minors.

The court has been deluged by dueling legal briefs from Republican- and Democratic-led states, members of Congress, athletes, doctors, scientists and scholars.

The outcome also could influence separate legal efforts seeking to bar transgender athletes in states that have continued to allow them to compete.

If Pepper-Jackson is forced to stop competing, she said she will still be able to lift weights and continue playing trumpet in the school concert and jazz bands.

“It will hurt a lot, and I know it will, but that’s what I’ll have to do,” she said.

The Supreme Court stands is Washington, Friday, Jan. 9, 2026. (AP Photo/J. Scott Applewhite)

FILE - Protestors hold signs during a rally at the state capitol in Charleston, W.Va., on March 9, 2023. (AP Photo/Chris Jackson, file)