Secrets, spy tools and a 110-year-old lemon are on show in an exhibition from Britain's MI5

LONDON (AP) — A desiccated 110-year-old lemon that played a key role in espionage history is one of the star attractions of a London exhibition drawn from the files of MI5, Britain’s domestic intelligence agency.

Compact spy cameras, microdots in a talcum powder tin and a briefcase abandoned by fleeing Soviet spy Guy Burgess are also part of the show at Britain’s National Archives, which charts the history of a secretive agency that is – slowly – becoming more open.

MI5 Director General Ken McCallum told journalists at a preview on Tuesday that the organization’s work “is often different from fiction, whether that fiction is George Smiley or Jackson Lamb” – the brilliant spymaster of John le Carré's novels and the slovenly supervisor of MI5 rejects in Mick Herron’s “Slow Horses” series.

Many stories told in the exhibition, however, would not be out of place in a thriller.

The lemon, now black and shriveled, helped convict Karl Muller, a German spy in Britain during World War I. It was found by police in his dressing-table drawer, along with another in his overcoat pocket. Evidence at his secret trial showed their juice had been used to write invisible-ink letters detailing British troop movements.

Muller was executed by firing squad at the Tower of London in 1915.

In a coda that would not be out of place in “Slow Horses,” MI5 pretended Muller was still alive and wrote to his German handlers to ask for more money.

“The Germans duly sent more funds and MI5 used the funds to purchase a car,” exhibition curator Mark Dunton said. “And they christened the car ‘The Muller.’

“They then were reprimanded by the Treasury for unauthorized use of expenditure," he added.

The show includes declassified records held by the National Archives and items loaned from the secret museum inside Thames House, MI5’s London headquarters.

It charts the changing role of an agency that was founded in 1909 as the Secret Service Bureau with an initial staff of two officers.

There are records of its World War II successes, when the agency used captured Nazi agents to send disinformation back to Germany, deceiving Adolf Hitler about the location of the looming Allied invasion in 1944.

Failures include the years-long betrayal of the upper-crust “Cambridge Spies,” whose members spilled secrets to the Soviet Union from the heart of the U.K. intelligence establishment. Recently declassified MI5 documents on display include the 1963 confession of Cambridge spy Kim Philby, who denied treachery for years before he was exposed and fled to Moscow.

The exhibition also reveals changing attitudes, not least to women. The exhibition includes a 1945 report by spymaster Maxwell Knight discussing whether women could make good agents.

“It is frequently alleged that women are less discreet than men,” he noted, but declared that it was not so, saying that in “hundreds of cases of ‘loose talk’” most of the offenders were men.

There are admissions of past mistakes. The exhibition notes that MI5 was slow to recognize the threat from fascism in the 1930s, and later spent too much time spying on the small Communist Party of Great Britain. MI5 didn’t need to break into the party’s offices – it had a key, which is on display.

There are only a few items from the past few decades, showing how MI5’s focus has shifted from counterespionage to counterterrorism. Displays include a mortar shell fired by the Irish Republican Army at 10 Downing St. in 1991 while Prime Minister John Major was holding a Cabinet meeting.

MI5 only began releasing records to the U.K.’s public archives in 1997, generally 50 years after the events have passed. Even now, it controls what to release and what to keep secret.

“It would be a mistake to assume everything is in the exhibition,” said author Ben Macintyre, whose books on the history of intelligence include “Operation Mincemeat” and “Agent Zigzag.” But he said it still marks “a real sea-change in official secrecy.”

“A generation ago, this stuff was totally secret,” he said. “We weren’t even allowed to know that MI5 existed.”

“MI5: Official Secrets” opens Saturday and runs through Sept. 28 at the National Archives in London. Admission is free.

A National Archives staff member looks at a 1910 Enseignette camera, the first spy camera purchased by MI5, during a preview for the MI5: Official Secrets exhibition at the National Archives in London, Tuesday, April 1, 2025. (Jonathan Brady/PA via AP)

A Yardley talcum powder tin from 1960 used by one of the Portland spies to conceal microdot equipment on display during a preview for the MI5: Official Secrets exhibition at the National Archives in London, Tuesday, April 1, 2025. (Jonathan Brady/PA via AP)

The Krogers' 'flash transmission' radio equipment, 1960, on display during a preview for the MI5: Official Secrets exhibition at the National Archives in London, Tuesday, April 1, 2025. (Jonathan Brady/PA via AP)

The lemon used for writing in invisible ink, produced in evidence at Karl Muller's trial, 1915, on display during a preview for the MI5: Official Secrets exhibition at the National Archives in London, Tuesday, April 1, 2025. (Jonathan Brady/PA via AP)

A copy of the German War Merit Cross 'Kriegsverdienstkreuz', 1939 on display during a preview for the MI5: Official Secrets exhibition at the National Archives in London, Tuesday, April 1, 2025. (Jonathan Brady/PA via AP)

MI5 staff list on display during a preview for the MI5: Official Secrets exhibition at the National Archives in London, Tuesday, April 1, 2025. (Jonathan Brady/PA via AP)

Director General of MI5, the UK's Security Service, Ken McCallum, during a preview for the MI5: Official Secrets exhibition at the National Archives in London, Tuesday, April 1, 2025. (Jonathan Brady/PA via AP)

A National Archives staff member looks at an example of an instant camera and bottle used to make a bomb, recreated as evidence by the Bomb Data Centre, on display during a preview for the MI5: Official Secrets exhibition at the National Archives in London, Tuesday, April 1, 2025. (Jonathan Brady/PA via AP)

Guy Burgess' passport on display during a preview for the MI5: Official Secrets exhibition at the National Archives in London, Tuesday, April 1, 2025. (Jonathan Brady/PA via AP)

EA National Archives member of staff looks at a Britain First report of Mosley's speech at Earl's Court, 16 July 1939, left, and a British Union of Fascists armband, right, during a preview for the MI5: Official Secrets exhibition at the National Archives in London, Tuesday, April 1, 2025. (Jonathan Brady/PA via AP)

National Archives staff members look at facets of a recreation of the double cross operation room which was headed up by the XX committee circa 1944, during a preview for the MI5: Official Secrets exhibition at the National Archives in London, Tuesday, April 1, 2025. (Jonathan Brady/PA via AP)

Director General of MI5, the UK's Security Service, Ken McCallum, during a preview for the MI5: Official Secrets exhibition at the National Archives in London, Tuesday, April 1, 2025. (Jonathan Brady/PA via AP)

National Archives staff members look at facets of a recreation of the double cross operation room which was headed up by the XX committee circa 1944, during a preview for the MI5: Official Secrets exhibition at the National Archives in London, Tuesday, April 1, 2025. (Jonathan Brady/PA via AP)

Guy Burgess' passport and briefcase on display during a preview for the MI5: Official Secrets exhibition at the National Archives in London, Tuesday, April 1, 2025. (Jonathan Brady/PA via AP)

National Archives staff members look at facets of a recreation of the double cross operation room which was headed up by the XX committee circa 1944, during a preview for the MI5: Official Secrets exhibition at the National Archives in London, Tuesday, April 1, 2025. (Jonathan Brady/PA via AP)

MELBOURNE, Australia (AP) — Auckland was the first major city to ring in 2026 with a fireworks display launched from New Zealand’s tallest structure, Sky Tower, followed by a defiant celebration in Australia in the aftermath of its worst mass shooting.

South Pacific countries were the first to bid farewell to 2025. Clocks stuck midnight in Auckland 18 hours before the famous ball drop in New York’s Times Square. The five-minute display involved 3,500 fireworks.

Australia’s east coast welcomed 2026 two hours after New Zealand. In Sydney, the country's largest city, celebrations were held under the pall of Australia’s worst mass shooting in almost 30 years. Two gunmen targeted a Hannukah celebration at Bondi Beach on Dec. 14, killing 15 and wounding 40.

A heavy police presence monitored the thousands who thronged to the waterfront to watch a fireworks show centered on the Sydney Harbor Bridge. Many officers openly carried rapid-fire rifles, a first for the annual event.

An hour before midnight, the massacre victims were commemorated with a minute of silence while images of a menorah were projected on the bridge pylons. The crowd was invited to show solidarity with Australia’s Jewish community.

New South Wales Premier Chris Minns urged Sydney residents not to stay away through fear, saying extremists would interpret smaller crowds at New Year’s Eve festivities as a victory.

“We have to show defiance in the face of this terrible crime and say that we’re not going to be cowered by this kind of terrorism,” he said.

In Indonesia, one of Australia’s nearest neighbors, cities scaled back festivities as a gesture of solidarity with communities devastated by floods and landslides that struck parts of Sumatra island a month ago, claiming more than 1,100 lives.

The capital, Jakarta, was not ringing in 2026 with its usual fanfare, choosing subdued celebrations with a program centered on prayers for victims, city Gov. Pramono Anung said last week.

Makassar Mayor Munafri Arifuddin urged residents of one of Indonesia’s largest cities to forgo parties, calling for prayer and reflection. "Empathy and restraint are more meaningful than fireworks and crowds,” he said.

Concerts and fireworks on Indonesia’s tourist island of Bali were canceled and replaced with a cultural arts event featuring traditional dances.

Hong Kong, too, was ringing in 2026 without the usual spectacle in the sky over iconic Victoria Harbor, after a massive fire in November killed at least 161 people.

The facades of eight landmarks were turning into giant countdown clocks presenting a three-minute light show at midnight.

Many parts of Asia welcome the new year by observing age-old traditions.

In Japan, crowds were gathering at a Buddhist temple in Tokyo for a bell striking at midnight. In the South Korean capital, Seoul, a bell tolling and countdown ceremony were being held at the Bosingak Pavilion.

Tourists and Berliners alike marked the end of 2025 by enjoying snowfall, taking selfies and making snowmen in front of the German capital's cathedral and the iconic Brandenburg Gate. The Berlin TV Tower was nearly invisible thanks to the falling flakes and fog.

Greece and Cyprus were ringing in 2026 by turning down the volume, replacing traditional fireworks with low-noise pyrotechnics, light shows and drone displays in capital cities. Low-noise fireworks avoid the explosive bursts that generate the loud cracks of traditional displays.

Officials in the countries said the change is intended to make celebrations more welcoming for children and pets, particularly animals sensitive to loud noise.

Police in New York City will have additional anti-terrorism measures at the Times Square ball drop, with “mobile screening teams” in search of suspicious activity. It is not in response to a specific threat, according to NYPD Commissioner Jessica Tisch.

After the ball drops in Times Square, it will rise once again, sparking in red, white and blue, to mark the country’s upcoming 250th birthday celebration. It will be one of several patriotic flourishes throughout the night, organizers said.

Zohran Mamdani will take office as mayor at the start of 2026. Two swearing-in ceremonies are planned, starting with a private ceremonial event around midnight in an old subway station.

Saaliq reported from New Delhi, India. Associated Press writers around the world contributed to this report.

The police stand guard during the 2026 Taipei New Year's Party celebration in front of the Taipei City Government Building in Taipei, Taiwan, Wednesday, Dec. 31, 2025. (AP Photo/Chiang Ying-ying)

People gather to celebrate the New Year at the Zojoji Buddhist temple, on Wednesday, Dec. 31, 2025 in Tokyo. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)

A Buddhist prays in front of lanterns on New Year's Eve at the Jogye temple in Seoul, South Korea, Wednesday, Dec. 31, 2025. (AP Photo/Lee Jin-man)

Fireworks burst over the Sydney Harbour Bridge during the New Year celebrations in Sydney, Thursday, Jan. 1, 2026. (AP Photo/Rick Rycroft)

Swimmers enter the water during the traditional Sylvester swim at lake Moossee in Moosseedorf, Switzerland, Wednesday, Dec. 31, 2025. (Anthony Anex/Keystone via AP)

A child poses for a photo with a prosperity decoration to welcome 2026 Year of the Horse, following the Chinese zodiac at a shopping district on new year's eve, in Beijing, Wednesday, Dec. 31, 2025. (AP Photo/Andy Wong)

A person walks by illuminated decorations on New Year's Eve in Seoul, South Korea, Wednesday, Dec. 31, 2025. (AP Photo/Lee Jin-man)

Fireworks burst over the Sydney Harbour Bridge as New Year's celebrations begin in Sydney, Wednesday, Dec. 31, 2025. (AP Photo/Rick Rycroft)

Fireworks burst over the Sydney Harbour Bridge as New Year's celebrations begin in Sydney, Wednesday, Dec. 31, 2025. (AP Photo/Rick Rycroft)

Ryan Seacrest and Rita Ora, hosts of "Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve with Ryan Seacrest 2026," in New York at the New Year's Eve Times Square Ball on Tuesday, Dec. 30, 2025. (AP Photo/Ted Shaffrey)

A vendor sells New Year's eve party goods at a market in downtown Lima, Peru, Tuesday, Dec. 30, 2025. (AP Photo/Guadalupe Pardo)

A families pose for a photo with a prosperity decoration to welcome 2026 Year of the Horse, following the Chinese zodiac as people visit a shopping district on new year's eve, in Beijing, Wednesday, Dec. 31, 2025. (AP Photo/Andy Wong)

A child poses for a photo with a prosperity decoration to welcome 2026 Year of the Horse, following the Chinese zodiac at a shopping district on new year's eve, in Beijing, Wednesday, Dec. 31, 2025. (AP Photo/Andy Wong)