Chinese-built TAZARA railway makes positive contributions to African development

The decades-old Tanzania-Zambia Railway Authority (TAZARA) railway line, built with Chinese assistance, has made significant contributions to the prosperity and development of Africa, according to local people.

The TAZARA railway, known as the "Uhuru Railway" or "Independent Railway," was constructed as a turnkey project between 1970 and 1975 through an interest-free loan from China. Commercial operations started in July 1976, covering 1,860 km from Dar es Salaam in Tanzania to New Kapiri Mposhi in Zambia.

Over its 49 years of operation, the railway has become a vital artery that ensures the economic operation and development of Tanzania, Zambia, and surrounding areas.

For many cross-border traders in Zambia who conduct their businesses between Zambia and Tanzania, the TAZARA trains are the most affordable means of transporting both goods and people.

"I've been using TAZARA since 1996, I'm still using TAZARA. It has advantages. It is cheaper. It is safe. You don't have to experience such (uncomfortable) things," said Vincent Chinyimba, a local passenger.

In addition to aiding in the construction of the railway line, the Chinese government's assistance also provided local residents with relevant professional skills and employment opportunities.

"I went to China and I was doing civil engineering, later engineering under the civil engineering department. We looked for many countries but China came up and offered to do it for us. It was like a miracle and it's a sign of friendship between Zambia and China," said Mathew Phiri, a retired maintenance engineer who worked on TAZARA.

The railway has made a positive contribution to the economic and trade development of both Tanzania and Zambia, as well as the greater African region.

However, due to its deteriorating infrastructure and aging system, the railway's passenger and freight train capacity has not yet met its intended levels, with urgent upgrades and renovations required.

At the 2024 Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) in Beijing, China, Tanzania, and Zambia reached a consensus on revitalizing the TAZARA railway.

"Today, TAZARA is facing a lot of challenges, of which again TAZARA needs to be revitalized and China has come back to help. It shows that China is well committed to assisting Africa in all," said Samuel Sholobela, head of commercial services at the Tanzania Zambia Railway Authority.

Chinese-built TAZARA railway makes positive contributions to African development

An artificial intelligence (AI) foundation model specialized for analyzing human genetic diversity was launched at Shanghai's cutting-edge Model Speed Space innovation hub on Tuesday.

Named SNPBAG, it is the world's first large model built specifically for genomic analysis, promising to precisely predict diseases and advance personalized health care.

The model focuses on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), the most common type of genetic variation among people, which influence traits such as height, intelligence and personality.

Currently, SNPBAG can be used for ancestry tracing and kinship identification. In the future, with further training, it is expected to predict disease risks at various life stages based on DNA sequences, offering higher screening accuracy than existing genetic testing methods.

"As far as we know, traditional methods examine SNPs point by point for correlations with traits like height or intelligence, without taking into account, for example, interactions between or among genes. Therefore, we need a model that can autonomously identify these complex relationships. Now, we've found such a tool that can bring close two gene expressions [of the human body] that are far away from each other and provide biological interpretations," said Tang Kun, an expert of computational biology and founder of Shanghai Feipu Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd.

Looking ahead, the model will support the development of China's sovereign genomic database, promote its domestic self-reliance, enhance AI-driven drug discovery and improve the target screening success rates by over 200 percent. It also aims to make precision health care more accessible.

"The most well-known application is non-invasive prenatal screening. Currently, only a few conditions are covered by national insurance, but there are over 20,000 rare diseases in children. We are now collaborating with Shanghai Children’s Hospital to expand screening coverage," said Lu Sitong, CEO of Shanghai Feipu Intelligent Technology.

With SNPBAG, non-invasive prenatal screening is expected to detect a broader range of rare diseases in the future. The company said it also plans to launch consumer-facing products to benefit the general public.

China launches world's first foundation model for genomic analysis