Japan elects its first female prime minister, in photos

TOKYO (AP) — Japan’s parliament elected ultraconservative Sanae Takaichi as the country’s first female prime minister on Tuesday, following her party’s last-minute coalition deal to secure a majority. She succeeds Shigeru Ishiba after his party’s heavy election losses.

This is a photo gallery curated by AP photo editors.

Japan's newly elected Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi, center, arrives at the prime minister's office in Tokyo, Japan, Tuesday, Oct. 21, 2025.(AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)

FILE - Newly-elected leader of Japan's Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) Sanae Takaichi celebrates after winning the LDP leadership election in Tokyo, Japan, Oct. 4, 2025. (Kim Kyung-Hoon/Pool Photo via AP, File)

FILE - Sanae Takaichi, left, and Seiko Noda, right, both former internal affairs ministers and candidates for the presidential election of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party, show their motto on cards, during a debate session held by the Japan National Press Club, Sept. 18, 2021, in Tokyo. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko, Pool, File)

FILE - Internal Affairs and Communications Minister Sanae Takaichi speaks during a press conference at the prime minister's official residence in Tokyo, Sept. 11, 2019. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko, File)

FILE - A worker distributes copies of special edition newspaper issued after Sanae Takaichi won the ruling Liberal Democratic Party leadership vote in Tokyo, Oct. 4, 2025. (AP Photo/Ayaka McGill, File)

FILE - Newly-elected leader of Japan's Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) Sanae Takaichi, right, bows in front of Prime Minister Shigeru Ishiba after winning the LDP leadership election in Tokyo, Japan, Oct. 4, 2025. (Kim Kyung-Hoon/Pool Photo via AP, File)

FILE - Sanae Takaichi, newly appointed Internal Affairs and Communications minister, enters the prime minister's official residence in Tokyo, Sept. 11, 2019. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko, File)

FILE - Japan's Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, front row center, and his new Cabinet members pose for a group photo following the first Cabinet meeting at the prime minister's official residence in Tokyo, Sept. 3, 2014. The ministers from the right front row are Internal Affairs Minister Sanae Takaichi, Abe, Trade Minister Yuko Obuchi, from the right second row, Minister in charge of Japanese Abducted by North Korea Eriko Yamatani, Minister in charge of Promoting Women Haruko Arimura, and Minister in charge of Economic Revitalization Akira Amari. At right top is Justice Minister Midori Matsushima. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko, File)

FILE - Candidate Sanae Takaichi, right, casts her ballot at the Liberal Democratic Party's (LDP) leadership election at the party headquarters, Sept. 27, 2024, in Tokyo. (AP Photo/Hiro Komae, Pool, File)

FILE - Japanese lawmakers, including Sanae Takaichi, center left, visit the Yasukuni Shrine to pay respect to the war dead on the day of the 69th anniversary of the end of the World War II, in Tokyo, on Aug. 15, 2014. (AP Photo/Koji Sasahara, File)

FILE - Former Economic Security Minister Sanae Takaichi, center right, bows as Takaichi was chosen as the new leader of Japan's ruling Liberal Democratic Party during the party's leadership election in Tokyo, Japan, Oct. 4, 2025. (Kyodo News via AP, File)

FILE - Shigeru Ishiba, right, with Sanae Takaichi, left, and Japan's Prime Minister Fumio Kishida, center, celebrates after Ishiba was elected as new the head of Japan's ruling party at the Liberal Democratic Party's leadership election, Sept. 27, 2024, in Tokyo. (AP Photo/Hiro Komae, Pool, File)

FILE - Japan's former Economic Security Minister Sanae Takaichi answers questions during a joint press conference by the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) presidential election candidates at the party's headquarters, Sept. 23, 2025, in Tokyo. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko, Pool, File)

FILE - Japan's Internal Affairs Minister Sanae Takaichi, center, arrives at the prime minister's official residence in Tokyo, Aug. 3, 2016. (AP Photo/Shizuo Kambayashi, File)

Lawmakers applaud as Sanae Takaichi, center, is elected as Japan's new prime minister during the extraordinary session of the lower house, in Tokyo, Japan, Tuesday, Oct. 21, 2025.(AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)

LONDON (AP) — British Prime Minister Keir Starmer pledged to revive his struggling government but faced growing calls to resign after a disastrous set of local and regional elections for his Labour Party.

As the final results came in Saturday, Labour suffered a net loss of more than 1,100 local council seats across England, lost control of several local authorities it had held for decades and was booted from power in Wales after 27 years. Anti-immigration party Reform UK gained over 1,300 seats across England and made significant gains in legislative elections in Wales and Scotland.

It was a blunt verdict from voters in elections widely seen as an unofficial referendum on Starmer, whose popularity has plummeted since he led the center-left party to power less than two years ago.

Here are five things we’ve learned from the elections.

Starmer insisted he would not walk away and "plunge the country into chaos,” and the dire election results did not produce an immediate challenge to his leadership.

"The right thing to do is rebuild and show the path forward,” Starmer said Saturday. “That’s what I’m going to do in the coming days.”

Starmer’s Cabinet colleagues expressed support, and none of the high-profile Labour politicians considered potential challengers has made a move. Health Secretary Wes Streeting, former Deputy Prime Minister Angela Rayner and Greater Manchester Mayor Andy Burnham are keeping quiet for now.

But a growing number of Labour lawmakers urged the prime minister to set a timetable for his departure this year. British politics allows parties to change leader midterm without the need for a new election.

“There has to be a timetable,” legislator Clive Betts told the BBC. Another lawmaker, Tony Vaughan, said there should be an “orderly transition of leadership.”

Starmer tried to demonstrate change on Saturday by bringing back two figures from past Labour governments. He made former Prime Minister Gordon Brown a special envoy on global finance, and appointed the party's ex-deputy leader Harriet Harman an adviser on women and girls.

Starmer is due to make a speech on Monday in an attempt to regain momentum, before the government sets out its legislative plans on Wednesday in a speech delivered by King Charles III at the State Opening of Parliament.

The elections were a breakthrough for Reform UK, the latest hard-right party led by the veteran nationalist politician Nigel Farage.

Running on an anti-establishment and anti-immigration message, the party won hundreds of local council seats in working-class areas in England’s north, such as Sunderland, that were solid Labour turf for decades. It also made gains from the Conservatives in areas like the county of Essex, east of London, and increased its vote share in Wales and Scotland, new terrain for the party.

Farage said the results marked a “historic change in British politics.” He said he's confident that “voters who have come to us are not doing it as a short-term protest.”

Reform UK currently holds just eight of the 650 seats in the House of Commons and it’s unclear whether it could repeat its success in a national election.

The elections produced semiautonomous administrations in Scotland and Wales led by parties devoted to independence and the breakup of the United Kingdom — though neither has that policy on the front burner.

The Scottish National Party, which has governed in Edinburgh since 2007, won another term but fell short of a majority, meaning an independence referendum is unlikely. Labour and Reform tied in a distant second place.

Plaid Cymru (The Party of Wales) won the most seats in the Cardiff-based legislature, the Senedd. The party, which has an ambition for Wales to leave the U.K. but no plan to do so anytime soon, fell short of a majority but will likely form the new government. Reform came second and Labour a distant third in one of its most historic heartlands, with outgoing First Minister Eluned Morgan losing her seat.

The economy lies at the heart of Labour’s troubles, as it does for many incumbent governments.

Since ending 14 years of Conservative rule roiled by austerity and the COVID-19 pandemic, Labour has struggled to ease the cost of living and jump-start a sluggish economy against the tough economic backdrop of war in Ukraine and, more recently, Iran. Starmer also has angered supporters with attempts to cut welfare spending, some of which were reversed after Labour revolts.

Some in Labour say the government's achievements, including protections for renters and a higher minimum wage, are going unnoticed. Many blame Starmer, an uninspiring leader distracted by scandals including his disastrous decision to appoint Peter Mandelson, a scandal-tarnished friend of Jeffrey Epstein, as Britain’s ambassador to Washington.

But Stephen Houghton, the outgoing leader of Barnsley council in northern England, where Labour lost to Reform, said the problem “goes deeper than the prime minister.”

“This has been coming for 30 years around the country, in post-industrial communities, coastal communities, that have been left behind,” he said. “You can change prime ministers all day long. If you don’t change policy, it’s not going to change.”

The results reflect a fragmentation of U.K. politics after decades of domination by Labour and the Conservative Party, which also suffered major losses on Thursday.

The elections offered voters a rainbow of choices, including the centrist Liberal Democrats and the nationalist parties in Scotland and Wales.

But the big winners were populist insurgents, Reform UK and the Green Party, whose focus has expanded from the environment to social justice and the Palestinian cause under self-described “eco populist” leader Zack Polanski. The Greens won hundreds of council seats from Labour in urban centers and university towns and took control of several local authorities.

Tony Travers, professor of government at the London School of Economics, said the results suggest the next national election, due by 2029, won’t produce a majority for any party.

“So then you’re in the world of, after the election, two or three big minority parties trying to work out how they would govern,” he said — something traditionally considered “very un-British.”

British Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer speaking to the media after meeting Labour Party members during a visit to AFC Wimbledon in south London, Saturday May 9, 2026. (Maja Smiejkowska/PA via AP)

First Minister and SNP leader John Swinney with some of the newly elected SNP MSPs in Edinburgh, Saturday May 9, 2026, following the 2026 Holyrood elections. (Jane Barlow/PA via AP)

British Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer and Foreign Secretary David Lammy meeting Labour Party members during a visit to AFC Wimbledon in south London, Saturday May 9, 2026. (Maja Smiejkowska/PA via AP)

British Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer speaking to the media after meeting Labour Party members during a visit to AFC Wimbledon in south London, Saturday May 9, 2026. (Maja Smiejkowska/PA via AP)

Observers from the Scottish National Party (SNP) watch as votes are counted for the 2026 Holyrood elections, at Dewars Centre in Perth, Scotland, Friday May 8, 2026. (Jane Barlow/PA via AP)

Reform UK leader Nigel Farage speaks to supporters at Chelmsford City Racecourse, Friday May 8, 2026, in Essex, England, following the 2026 local election results. (Jordan Pettitt/PA via AP)

Britain's Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer speaks to Labour Party members at Kingsdown Methodist Church Hall, in Ealing, west London, Friday May 8, 2026, a day after the local elections. (Stefan Rousseau/PA via AP)