U.S. firms and consumers shouldered nearly 90 percent of the economic burden from last year's sweeping tariff hikes, contradicting the Trump administration's argument that the levies are paid by foreign trading partners, according to a report issued by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York on Thursday.
The study reveals that as average U.S. import tariffs surged from 2.6 percent to 13 percent in 2025, foreign exporters largely declined to absorb the added costs by lowering their prices.
Instead, the economic impact fell predominantly on domestic entities: during the first eight months of the year, 94 percent of the tariff incidence was borne by U.S. importers and consumers. That share remained elevated at 92 percent in September and October, dipping only slightly to 86 percent in November.
The findings align with a separate analysis published this week by the U.S. Congressional Budget Office, which estimated that about 70 percent of tariff costs were ultimately transferred to American consumers through higher retail prices on imported goods.
US firms, consumers absorb nearly 90 pct of tariff costs in 2025: bank report
US firms, consumers absorb nearly 90 pct of tariff costs in 2025: bank report
China's Minister of Commerce Wang Wentao outlined the key priorities of the 32nd Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Ministers Responsible for Trade Meeting, which opened on Friday in Suzhou, East China's Jiangsu province.
In an interview with CGTN ahead of the two-day meeting, Wang said free trade, digital cooperation and green economy are high on the agenda of the meeting.
"The key areas include advancing regional economic integration and the Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific, supporting the World Trade Organization (WTO) in strengthening digital cooperation and developing green economy. At present, the international situation is marked by intertwined turbulence and chaos, with intensified geopolitical instability. The rise of unilateralism and protectionism poses serious challenges to the international economic and trade order, disrupting global and Asia-Pacific development. Against this backdrop, all parties have higher expectations for this trade ministers' meeting, hoping that it can build consensus and deliver outcomes," Wang said.
This year marks China's third time hosting the APEC meetings and the 35th anniversary of its membership.
By 2025, China had become the largest trading partner of 13 APEC economies. Trade between China and APEC economies reached 3.7 trillion U.S. dollars, accounting for 57.8 percent of China's total foreign trade.
China has signed 24 free trade agreements or economic and trade arrangements with 31 countries and regions, including 15 APEC economies. In recent years, China has also completed upgrades of free trade agreements with APEC economies such as Singapore and Peru.
The minister said that China has always been a firm supporter and an important contributor to APEC.
"We have actively shared our vast market and development opportunities with all parties. China's door to the world will only open wider and wider. Facing the common challenges, China will continue to fulfill its responsibilities as a major country, further deepen reform, expand high-standard opening-up, and continue to provide new opportunities for the Asia-Pacific region and the world with its new achievements in Chinese modernization," the minister said.
China's Commerce Minister outlines priorities for 32nd APEC trade ministers' meeting
