Mark Pinkstone/Former Chief Information Officer of HK government
Is the proposed sale of the Cheung Kong Hutchison (CKH) shipping ports at either end of the Panama Canal an astute business deal or a bold political takeover? It can be argued both ways.
The Chinese side of the pendulum foresees doom as the sale would increase the US hegemony over global shipping because the sale includes not only Hutchison’s two shipping ports, but 80 per cent of all of Hutchison’s 43 ports world-wide. The intended principal buyer is BlackRock Inc., a major US financial and investment conglomerate.
The business side of the pendulum sees it as a major business deal worth US$23 billion.
The proposed sale drew the ire of China's Hong Kong and Macau Affairs Office (HKMAO), which reposted a Ta Kung Pao commentary criticising the CKH port deal with U.S. investment firm BlackRock as a betrayal of China, sending shares of CKH sharply lower on March 14.
The commentary said the U.S. would constrain China's maritime trade, and Chinese companies would face great risks in logistics and supply chains, impacting China's Belt and Road initiatives.
"This deal is an act of hegemony by the US, which uses its state power to infringe upon the legitimate rights and interests of other countries through despicable means such as coercion, pressure, and inducement," the commentary wrote.
"It is power politics packaged as a 'business behaviour'."
The in-principle agreement with the BlackRock-led consortium gave the two sides 145 days to hammer out specific terms and details before finalising the transaction, according to a Hong Kong Stock Exchange statement by CKH. Also, the deal will need to be approved by CK Hutchison’s shareholders, obtain approval from the Panamanian government, and meet unspecified customary terms agreed by the two sides, according to the statement “After the Panama Canal has been ‘Americanised’ and ‘politicised’, the US will definitely use it for political purposes and implement its own political agenda, and China’s shipping and trade here will certainly be subject to the US,” Ta Kung Pao wrote in a series of articles blasting the sale.
US president Trump announced immediately after his inauguration in January that he would “recover” the Panama Canal, which was owned by China. He was totally wrong. The Panama Canal is owned and operated by Panama, and the ports at each end are owned by Panama Ports Company, a subsidiary of Hutchison Port Holdings, a further subsidiary of CKH But it’s obvious that kicking China (via Hutchinson) out of Panama had been planned for some time.
Immediately after his inauguration, Trump sounded out potential buyers for the ports and had a meeting with BlackRock’s CEO Larry Fink in the White House. Fink is an old billionaire buddy of Trump. After that meeting, Trump sent his right-hand man, Secretary of State Marco Rubio, off to Panama to sort things out. And, by sheer coincidence, within a month, a deal was made for the sale of the ports.
Meanwhile, Reuters reported that Trump is planning an executive order to charge fees for China-linked vessels in the US. ports, in a bid to resuscitate American shipbuilding and disrupt China's supply chains.
But Li Ka Shing (96) retired, but still an advisor to the company, and his son Victor (60), now chairman of CKH, are businessmen like Trump. And a deal is a deal.
The disposal was primarily driven by an attractive valuation by wealth management firm Morningstar of the ports’ worth undertaken by CKH. Zerina Zeng and Zoey Zhou from debt research firm CreditSights, with offices in the US, UK, and Singapore, said. “CK Hutchison has a track record of recycling assets, and this is not the first time that Li and the conglomerate have faced criticism in the Chinese media, which we do not view as a major hurdle for deal completion,” they said.
The sale is understandable owing to its small returns compared with its role as a lightning rod of US-China tensions. The ports in Panama accounted for merely 1 per cent of CKH’s earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortisation, according to JPMorgan.
The sales proceeds will generate US$19 billion in cash for CKH, substantially higher than Morningstar’s US$10.5 billion valuation of its port assets. CKH’s shares surged by almost a quarter in intraday trading before closing 22 per cent higher at an 18-month record of HK$47.10 in Hong Kong. Its shares fell after the Chinese criticism later in the week.
But CKH has not totally abandoned its shipping business. After the proposed sale, CKH would still own stakes in four of the world’s 10 busiest container ports: Hong Kong’s Kwai Tsing port, Shenzhen’s Yantian port,Ningbo’s Beilun terminal, and the Mingdong and Pudong terminals in Shanghai.
However, it must be mindful of the words of China’s Foreign Ministry spokesperson Lin Jian when he said that the ministry supported Hong Kong companies in doing business overseas but “opposed any abuse of coercion and pressuring in international trade and economic relations.”
Hong Kong’s Chief Executive John Lee Ka-chiu concurred, adding: “The Hong Kong SAR government urges foreign governments to provide a fair and just environment for enterprises, including enterprises from Hong Kong.”
Mark Pinkstone
** 博客文章文責自負,不代表本公司立場 **
The continued success of Hong Kong over the years can be attributed to one fact: it’s low and simple tax system. It has always been a major selling point to woo expatriate experts to Hong Kong to drive its financial and other services to be competitive with world markets.
US doomsday prophet Stephen Roach was quick to point out that thousands left Hong Kong during the COVID pandemic in 2020. But he has failed to mention the thousands that have returned since that dark period, which, according to US financial media giant Bloomberg, are responding to a booming initial public offering market, planned tax breaks for private equity and hedge funds, and a more vibrant city.
Bloomberg provided its financial clients worldwide with an in-depth feature on Hong Kong as it is today. Titled “Finance Expats Flock Back to Hong Kong Seeking Low Taxes, Better Jobs”, the 2,500-word article cited expatriates who had left and returned saying that although the cost of living in Hong Kong was relatively high, the tax relief outweighed these costs.
Hong Kong’s tax is simple. It is divided into three categories – individual, business and property owners. For individuals the standard tax rate is 15 per cent, for businesses, a two-tiered profits tax applies – 8.25 per cent of the first HK$2 million and 16.5 per cent thereafter – and property tax is 15 per cent of net assessable value. There is also an ad valorem stamp duty on property transactions ranging from $100 on property under $4 million to 4.25 per cent on property exceeding $27.39 million. Transactions exceeding $100 million hit a rate of 6.5 per cent duty.
There is no sales tax (save for tobacco and alcohol), VAT, withholding tax, capital gains tax, estate tax or dividend tax. The global average for sales tax is 13.7 per cent and the Asian average is 9.6 per cent.
Bloomberg noted that there were 31,278 employment visa approvals last year, more than double the number five years ago, with many going to nationals from Japan, South Korea and the UK. In financial services, some 2,343 visas issued to foreigners rose by 17 per cent last year to the highest since 2022.
While the sustainability of the influx may hinge on the strength of the IPO market, global financial firms including Bank of America and HSBC Holdings are among those signalling confidence in Hong Kong. Many new high-rise office blocks which saw low occupancy rates a few years ago are now reporting almost full capacity, another indicator of confidence in the business sector. Bloomberg said Hong Kong is aggressively promoting the city’s low taxes and comparative lack of red tape to the world’s ultra-rich business owners and money managers.
Hong Kong and Singapore rank third and fourth behind New York and London in the latest Global Financial Centres Index. Singapore’s tax rate is similar to Hong Kong (15 per cent for eexpatriates,4 per cent for director’s fees, and 17 per cent flat rate for corporations). A number of individuals and corporations fled to Singapore during the pandemic, but with Hong Kong fast becoming the financial hub of Asia, many are now returning, causing the Singapore Monetary Authority to entice investment firms to stay by cutting their taxes.
With neighbouring countries upping their incentives to woo the investment firms and experts, Hong Kong is keeping ahead of its competitors by eliminating the tax on hedge fund profits and plans to promote the development of Corporate Treasury Centres (CTCs). The tiered tax regime proposed is precisely designed to address the main points of the industry in a targeted manner, providing eligible corporations with more comprehensive tax benefits, greater tax certainty, and enhanced compliance flexibility. The government will also revamp the existing tax concession regime applicable to corporate treasury activities and introduce a more competitive tiered system. These measures include refining the existing concession regime and introducing a pre-approval mechanism. Pre-approved CTCs and their pre-approved associated companies will enjoy more favourable tax benefits, greater tax certainty and enhanced compliance flexibility.
These innovative, pragmatic, and competitive measures are expected to attract more multinational corporations from different regions and sectors to make full use of Hong Kong's role as a platform with the new catch phrase of 'bringing in and going global', and to bring their funds and core business to Hong Kong for centralized management, thereby strengthening Hong Kong's position as a major base for CTCs.
In June the government announced that with immediate effect, tax on the profits of hedge funds would be eliminated. By removing taxes on performance income, which are typically levied on profits generated from investment strategies, the city aims to create a more attractive environment for hedge fund operations. By eliminating the tax burden on performance income, Hong Kong is positioning itself as a favourable jurisdiction for hedge funds seeking to maximize their profitability. Industry experts predict that this policy change could lead to an influx of hedge funds relocating to Hong Kong, as fund managers look for jurisdictions that offer more favourable tax regimes.
Hong Kong’s long-standing policy of a low tax regime has been the magnet to draw the best of the best to its shores and invest in its future as a leading global financial centre.
