Canadian star Brooke Henderson wins at home in CPKC Women’s Open

MISSISSAUGA, Ontario (AP) — Canadian star Brooke Henderson won her second CPKC Women’s Open title Sunday, beating playing partner Minjee Lee by a stroke for her first victory in more than 2 1/2 years.

Henderson closed with a 4-under 68 at Mississaugua Golf and Country Club to finish at 15-under 269. Lee, the Australian player ranked fourth in the world, had a 68.

“This week was beyond special,” Henderson said. “To be able to finish it off and hoist the trophy again is extremely cool."

She later added: "Honestly, I’m surprised I’m not crying right now because it just means so much.”

Henderson broke a tie for the lead with a 6-foot birdie putt on the par-3 14th on the tree-lined layout. On the short par-4 17th, she followed Lee's 13-foot birdie putt with a 12-footer of her own to keep the lead.

“I love traditional golf courses,” Henderson said. “I love tree-lined courses. Being pretty close to home it was very similar to a lot of courses I grew up playing on, so just very comfortable that way.”

Also the 2018 champion at Wascana in Saskatchewan, the 27-year-old Henderson won her 14th LPGA Tour title and first since January 2023. She's from Smith Falls, Ontario.

“This year has not gone very well up to this point, and it just feels like this was meant to be,” Henderson said. “I felt like I got a lot of breaks out there today and this week, and I just felt like it was meant to be.”

Lee won the KPMG Women’s PGA Championship in June in Texas for her third major title and 11th LPGA Tour title.

“I had a solid performance, so can’t really say anything,” Lee said. “I kind of got out played. I guess.”

Mao Saigo of Japan was third at 11 under after a 66. Fellow Japanese player Akie Iwai, the winner last week in Oregon who led after each of the first two rounds, had a 69 to finish fourth at 10 under.

Aphrodite Deng, the 15-year-old Canadian amateur who was tied for second after an opening 66, had a 73 to tie for 20th at 4 under.

“It’s really cool,” Deng said. “I’m really grateful for the experience, especially in my home country.”

AP golf: https://apnews.com/hub/golf

Brooke Henderson, of Canada, poses with the CPKC Championship Trophy alongside Royal Canadian Mounted Police officers after winning the Canadian Women's Open at Mississauga Golf and Country Club in Mississauga, Ontario, on Sunday, August 24, 2025. (Frank Gunn/The Canadian Press via AP)

Brooke Henderson, of Canada celebrates, after winning the Canadian Women's Open golf tournament on the 18th hole in Mississauga, Ontario, Sunday, Aug. 24, 2025. (Frank Gunn/The Canadian Press via AP)

Minjee Lee, of Australia, tees off on the fifth hole during the fourth round of the CPKC Women's Open at the Mississauga Golf and Country Club in Mississauga, Ontario, Sunday, Aug. 24, 2025. (Thomas Skrlj/The Canadian Press via AP)

Canada's Brooke Henderson tees off on the fifth hole during the fourth round of the CPKC Women's Open at the Mississauga Golf and Country Club in Mississauga, Ontario, Sunday, Aug. 24, 2025. (Thomas Skrlj/The Canadian Press via AP)

Canada's Brooke Henderson drives the fairway on the fifth hole during the fourth round of the CPKC Women's Open at the Mississauga Golf and Country Club in Mississauga, Ontario, Sunday, Aug. 24, 2025. (Thomas Skrlj/The Canadian Press via AP)

Canada's Brooke Henderson chips onto the green of the fifth hole during the fourth round of the CPKC Women's Open at the Mississauga Golf and Country Club in Mississauga, Ontario, Sunday, Aug. 24, 2025. (Thomas Skrlj/The Canadian Press via AP)

Brooke Henderson, right, of Canada, hugs her caddie, and sister, Brittany Henderson, left, after winning the Canadian Women's Open golf tourrnament on the 18th hole in Mississauga, Ontario, Sunday Aug. 24, 2025. (Frank Gunn/The Canadian Press via AP)

ATLANTA (AP) — Donald Trump would not be the first president to invoke the Insurrection Act, as he has threatened, so that he can send U.S. military forces to Minnesota.

But he'd be the only commander in chief to use the 19th-century law to send troops to quell protests that started because of federal officers the president already has sent to the area — one of whom shot and killed a U.S. citizen.

The law, which allows presidents to use the military domestically, has been invoked on more than two dozen occasions — but rarely since the 20th Century's Civil Rights Movement.

Federal forces typically are called to quell widespread violence that has broken out on the local level — before Washington's involvement and when local authorities ask for help. When presidents acted without local requests, it was usually to enforce the rights of individuals who were being threatened or not protected by state and local governments. A third scenario is an outright insurrection — like the Confederacy during the Civil War.

Experts in constitutional and military law say none of that clearly applies in Minneapolis.

“This would be a flagrant abuse of the Insurrection Act in a way that we've never seen,” said Joseph Nunn, an attorney at the Brennan Center for Justice's Liberty and National Security Program. “None of the criteria have been met.”

William Banks, a Syracuse University professor emeritus who has written extensively on the domestic use of the military, said the situation is “a historical outlier” because the violence Trump wants to end “is being created by the federal civilian officers” he sent there.

But he also cautioned Minnesota officials would have “a tough argument to win” in court, because the judiciary is hesitant to challenge “because the courts are typically going to defer to the president” on his military decisions.

Here is a look at the law, how it's been used and comparisons to Minneapolis.

George Washington signed the first version in 1792, authorizing him to mobilize state militias — National Guard forerunners — when “laws of the United States shall be opposed, or the execution thereof obstructed.”

He and John Adams used it to quash citizen uprisings against taxes, including liquor levies and property taxes that were deemed essential to the young republic's survival.

Congress expanded the law in 1807, restating presidential authority to counter “insurrection or obstruction” of laws. Nunn said the early statutes recognized a fundamental “Anglo-American tradition against military intervention in civilian affairs” except “as a tool of last resort.”

The president argues Minnesota officials and citizens are impeding U.S. law by protesting his agenda and the presence of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement officers and Customs and Border Protection officers. Yet early statutes also defined circumstances for the law as unrest “too powerful to be suppressed by the ordinary course” of law enforcement.

There are between 2,000 and 3,000 federal authorities in the Minneapolis-St. Paul metro area, compared to Minneapolis, which has fewer than 600 police officers. Protesters' and bystanders' video, meanwhile, has shown violence initiated by federal officers, with the interactions growing more frequent since Renee Good was shot three times and killed.

“ICE has the legal authority to enforce federal immigration laws,” Nunn said. “But what they're doing is a sort of lawless, violent behavior” that goes beyond their legal function and “foments the situation” Trump wants to suppress.

“They can't intentionally create a crisis, then turn around to do a crackdown,” he said, adding that the Constitutional requirement for a president to “faithfully execute the laws” means Trump must wield his power, on immigration and the Insurrection Act, “in good faith.”

Courts have blocked some of Trump's efforts to deploy the National Guard, but he'd argue with the Insurrection Act that he does not need a state's permission to send troops.

That traces to President Abraham Lincoln, who held in 1861 that Southern states could not legitimately secede. So, he convinced Congress to give him express power to deploy U.S. troops, without asking, into Confederate states he contended were still in the Union. Quite literally, Lincoln used the act as a legal basis to fight the Civil War.

Nunn said situations beyond such a clear insurrection as the Confederacy still require a local request or another trigger that Congress added after the Civil War: protecting individual rights. Ulysses S. Grant used that provision to send troops to counter the Ku Klux Klan and other white supremacists who ignored the 14th and 15th amendments and civil rights statutes.

During post-war industrialization, violence erupted around strikes and expanding immigration — and governors sought help.

President Rutherford B. Hayes granted state requests during the Great Railroad Strike of 1877 after striking workers, state forces and local police clashed, leading to dozens of deaths. Grover Cleveland granted a Washington state governor's request — at that time it was a U.S. territory — to help protect Chinese citizens who were being attacked by white rioters. President Woodrow Wilson sent troops to Colorado in 1914 amid a coal strike after workers were killed.

Federal troops helped diffuse each situation.

Banks stressed that the law then and now presumes that federal resources are needed only when state and local authorities are overwhelmed — and Minnesota leaders say their cities would be stable and safe if Trump's feds left.

As Grant had done, mid-20th century presidents used the act to counter white supremacists.

Franklin Roosevelt dispatched 6,000 troops to Detroit — more than double the U.S. forces in Minneapolis — after race riots that started with whites attacking Black residents. State officials asked for FDR's aid after riots escalated, in part, Nunn said, because white local law enforcement joined in violence against Black residents. Federal troops calmed the city after dozens of deaths, including 17 Black residents killed by local police.

Once the Civil Rights Movement began, presidents sent authorities to Southern states without requests or permission, because local authorities defied U.S. civil rights law and fomented violence themselves.

Dwight Eisenhower enforced integration at Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas; John F. Kennedy sent troops to the University of Mississippi after riots over James Meredith's admission and then pre-emptively to ensure no violence upon George Wallace's “Stand in the Schoolhouse Door” to protest the University of Alabama's integration.

“There could have been significant loss of life from the rioters” in Mississippi, Nunn said.

Lyndon Johnson protected the 1965 Voting Rights March from Selma to Montgomery after Wallace's troopers attacked marchers' on their first peaceful attempt.

Johnson also sent troops to multiple U.S. cities in 1967 and 1968 after clashes between residents and police escalated. The same thing happened in Los Angeles in 1992, the last time the Insurrection Act was invoked.

Riots erupted after a jury failed to convict four white police officers of excessive use of force despite video showing them beating a Rodney King, a Black man. California Gov. Pete Wilson asked President George H.W. Bush for support.

Bush authorized about 4,000 troops — but after he had publicly expressed displeasure over the trial verdict. He promised to “restore order” yet directed the Justice Department to open a civil rights investigation, and two of the L.A. officers were later convicted in federal court.

President Donald Trump answers questions after signing a bill that returns whole milk to school cafeterias across the country, in the Oval Office of the White House, Wednesday, Jan. 14, 2026, in Washington. (AP Photo/Alex Brandon)