Timeline of events that led to the fall of the Berlin Wall

A glance at events leading up to the fall of the Berlin Wall in November 1989 and Germany's subsequent reunification.

Jan. 19, 1989: East German leader Erich Honecker says the Berlin Wall "will still exist in 50 and even in 100 years, if the reasons for it are not overcome."

Feb. 5: 20-year-old Chris Gueffroy is fatally shot while trying to cross the border in Berlin. He is the last person to be killed at the Wall.

FILE - In this Nov. 11, 1989 file photo, East German border guards are seen through a gap in the Berlin wall after demonstrators pulled down a segment of the wall at Brandenburg gate, Berlin. (AP PhotoLionel Cironneau, File)

May 2: Hungarian border guards begin removing border fortifications and barbed wire at the country's frontier with Austria, the first chink in the Iron Curtain that separated Europe's east and west.

May 7: Local elections are held in East Germany. Opposition representatives report that the number of "no" votes to the country's communist rulers isn't reflected by official results.

Aug. 19: Hundreds of East Germans take advantage of a "Pan-European Picnic" organized by Hungarian opposition members near the Austrian border to escape to the West.

FILE - In this Saturday Nov. 11, 1989 file photo, hundreds of Berliners climb on top of the Berlin Wall at Brandenburg Gate in Berlin, demanding in a peaceful protest that the wall will be pulled down. (AP PhotoLutz Schmidt, File)

Sept. 4: The first of what become weekly Monday demonstrations for freedom of assembly and travel is held in Leipzig.

Sept. 11: Hungary allows East Germans to cross its border to Austria, opening the way to the West for tens of thousands.

Sept. 12: Tadeusz Mazowiecki becomes Poland's first non-communist prime minister since World War II.

FILE—This Aug.19, 1989 file photo East Germans surprise Hungarian border guards and rush through a gate into Moerbisch, Austria. The gate was opened as part of joint Austrian-Hungarian event, marking the end of the Iron Curtain. The East Germans had heard of the event and used it for their flight to the West. (AP-Photovotava, File)

Sept. 30: Nearly 6,000 East Germans holed up at the West German embassy in Prague are allowed to leave for the West.

Oct. 3: East Germany halts visa-free travel to Czechoslovakia to stem an exodus of its citizens.

Oct. 7: East Germany celebrates its 40th birthday and visiting Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev urges its leadership to reform. Authorities clamp down on protesters.

FILE -- In this Oct. 6, 1989 file photo, Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev, left, kisses East German leader Erich Honecker after Gorbachev's arrival at East Berlin. At right is Raisa Gorbachev. (AP-PhotoBoris Yurchenko)

Oct. 18: Honecker is removed as East German leader after 18 years in power, replaced by Egon Krenz.

Nov. 4: Some 500,000 people gather in East Berlin's central Alexanderplatz for the country's biggest pro-democracy protest.

Nov. 9: East Germany opens its heavily fortified border after 28 years. Over the subsequent weeks and months, people chip away at the barrier.

FILE - In this early morning, Nov. 10, 1989 file photo, Berliners from East and West crowd in front of the Brandenburger Tor (Brandenburg Gate), standing atop and below the Berlin Wall, which has divided the city since the end of World War II. (AP PhotoJockel Finck)

Dec. 3: Krenz and the East German politburo resign. Krenz resigns as the country's leader three days later, leaving moderate communist Hans Modrow in charge of East Germany.

Dec. 22: A new border crossing opens at the Brandenburg Gate, the symbol of Germany's Cold War division.

March 18, 1990: East Germany's first democratic election. Center-right candidate Lothar de Maiziere becomes prime minister.

FILE - In this Sept. 30, 1989 file photo, East German refugees look through the fence of the West German embassy in Prague, Czechoslovakia. (AP PhotoDiether Endlicher, File)

Oct. 3: Germany is reunited after four decades of Cold War division.

Follow AP's full coverage of the 30th anniversary of the fall of the Berlin Wall at https://www.apnews.com/FalloftheBerlinWall

FILE - In this May 2, 1989, file photo, Hungarian border guards cut a hole into the "Iron Curtain," opening its border with Austria and the west near Hegyeshalom, some 50 kilometers east of Vienna. (AP PhotoBernhard J. Holzner, File)

FILE - In this Oct. 7, 1989, file photo, East German State and Party Leader Erich Honecker waves during a military parade in East Berlin, on occasion of the 40th anniversary of the Communist State. (AP PhotoHeribert Proepper, file)

FILE - In this Saturday, Nov. 4, 1989 file photo, about one million demonstrators crowd the Alexanderpletz in East Berlin during Germany in a protest rally against censorship and repression. On banners they demanded new leaders and free elections. (AP PhotoElke Bruhn-Hoffman, File)

San Francisco (10-4) at Indianapolis (8-6)

Monday, 8:15 p.m. EST, ESPN.

BetMGM NFL odds: 49ers by 6.

Against the spread: 49ers 9-5; Colts 8-6.

Series record: Colts lead 27-18.

Last meeting: Colts beat 49ers 30-18 on Oct. 24, 2021, in Santa Clara, California.

Last week: 49ers beat the Titans 37-24; Colts lost to the Seahawks 18-16.

49ers offense: overall (10), rush (25), pass (4), scoring (11).

49ers defense: overall (18), rush (12), pass (18), scoring (10t).

Colts offense: overall (8), rush (6t), pass (9), scoring (6).

Colts defense: overall (22), rush (6), pass (31), scoring (12).

Turnover differential: 49ers minus-5; Colts plus-2.

WR Jauan Jennings. After being slowed by injuries early in the season, Jennings has been back to last season’s form recently. He caught two TD passes in the last game to give him six in his last six games. If he catches a TD in a fourth straight game, he'll tie George Kittle and Brandon Aiyuk for the longest streak for the 49ers in the last 12 seasons.

RT Jalen Travis and LT Luke Tenuta. Travis, a rookie, made his first start last week in place of the injured Braden Smith. Tenuta could get his first career start this week — if LT Bernhard Raimann can't play because of an injured elbow. While the 49ers rank last in the NFL with 16 sacks in 14 games, they could crank up the pressure against 44-year-old QB Philip Rivers. And it will be incumbent on the offensive line to play well Sunday.

San Francisco's run defense vs. Jonathan Taylor. Since losing Fred Warner in mid-October, the 49ers have allowed five of eight opponents to rush for more than 100 yards per game including each of the last two weeks. They've allowed an average 105.1 yards per game. That means they're likely to get a heavy dose of Taylor, who's chasing his second league rushing title. The 49ers are likely to stack the line, daring Rivers to throw and the winner of this chess match likely wins the game.

49ers: WR Ricky Pearsall came out of last week’s game with injuries to his knee and ankle will miss the game. ... CB Renardo Green (ankle) is also out. ... San Francisco will get LB Tatum Bethune (ankle), DE Sam Okuayinonu (ankle) and DT Jordan Elliott (knee) back this week. ... LB Eric Kendricks (calf) and DL Yetur Gross-Matos (hamstring) also could play.

Colts: Raimann is officially listed as questionable. ... The Colts ruled out two-time All-Pro CB Sauce Gardner with a strained calf. ... Two-time Pro Bowl DT DeForest Buckner (neck) could be activated from IR after making it through a second week of practice.

Indy has won five straight and six of the last eight in this series. It also is unbeaten on the teams' most recent home fields: The Colts are 2-0 at Lucas Oil Stadium and 1-0 at Levi's Stadium. ... San Francisco's last win over Indianapolis came in November 2001 — the game that prompted then-Colts coach Jim Mora to go on his infamous “Playoffs?” rant. ... These franchises played in a heavy downpour the last time they met. ... Before the 1970 AFL-NFL merger, the 49ers and Colts were part of the NFL's Western Conference from 1953-69 and the NFL's Coastal Division from 1967-69.

The 49ers can clinch their fifth playoff berth in seven seasons with a win — or a Detroit loss. ... San Francisco’s four-game winning streak is the longest for the team since a six-game streak in 2023. ... The 49ers have run just five offensive plays when trailing during this winning streak. ... Christian McCaffrey has 86 receptions and needs seven this week to break Roger Craig’s franchise record for a running back of 92 set in 1985. ... San Francisco converted its first seven third-down attempts last week and ranks second in the league with a 49.2% conversion rate. ... QB Brock Purdy has a 124.1 passer rating on third down this season for the best mark of any quarterback who has started this season. ... San Francisco has scored four TDs and one FG on their six opening drives this season with Purdy at QB. ... The Colts have slid out of playoff position after losing four straight and five of six. ... Indianapolis has scored 20 or fewer points in all five of its losses this season. ... Since opening the season by scoring 20 or more points in 11 straight games, Indy has not scored more than 19 in its last three contests. ... Rivers played for the Colts in 2020, but never played in front of a crowd larger 14,100 that season. His last win came with Indy on Jan. 3, 2021. ... Taylor entered Week 16 as the NFL's leading rusher with 1,443, 28 more than Buffalo's James Cook. Taylor needs 106 yards to pass Edgerrin James for the fifth-highest single season total in franchise history and 111 to pass James for fourth. ... Tyler Warren needs nine yards receiving to break Hall of Famer John Mackey's franchise record for a rookie tight end. Mackey had 726 yards in 1963. ... Indy's run defense is allowing 95.1 yards per game and has allowed the second-lowest percentage of opponents gaining four or more yards, which occur on just 39.6%of opponents' carries. ... Opposing quarterbacks also have an 86.2 passer rating, the ninth lowest in the NFL.

Taylor was the safe play most of this season, and he could be again Monday. But McCaffrey is on the kind of roll Taylor was earlier this season. Over the past four weeks, he has produced 424 total yards and scored six TDs.

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San Francisco 49ers quarterback Brock Purdy (13) runs the ball past Tennessee Titans linebacker Cedric Gray, left, during the second half of an NFL football game, Sunday, Dec. 14, 2025, in Santa Clara, Calif. (AP Photo/Godofredo A. Vásquez)

San Francisco 49ers quarterback Brock Purdy (13) looks to throw a pass during the first half of an NFL football game against the Tennessee Titans, Sunday, Dec. 14, 2025, in Santa Clara, Calif. (AP Photo/Godofredo A. Vásquez)

Indianapolis Colts quarterback Philip Rivers (17) and head coach Shane Steichen celebrate after a touchdown during the first half of an NFL football game against the Seattle Seahawks, Sunday, Dec. 14, 2025, in Seattle. (AP Photo/Stephen Brashear)

Indianapolis Colts quarterback Philip Rivers reacts during the second half of an NFL football game against the Seattle Seahawks, Sunday, Dec. 14, 2025, in Seattle. (AP Photo/Stephen Brashear)