The United States' newly imposed tariffs on imports from China will disrupt the global value chain rather than bolster the country's economic recovery as U.S. President Donald Trump expects, according to experts.
Trump signed an executive order on Saturday to impose a 10-percent tariff on goods imported from China. The White House said the 10-percent tariff is on all imports from China on top of existing tariffs. Trump said the tariffs dovetail with his embrace of protectionist measures aimed at boosting manufacturing.
Speaking with China Global Television Network (CGTN), Ju Jiandong, Unigroup Chair Professor at the PBC School of Finance of Tsinghua University said the move aims to shake up the global economic landscape.
"Trump trade war 2.0 already started. So I would view this a shock therapy to the global value chain. Remember, NAFTA was established 30 years ago in 1994 and the WTO was established in 1995, and China entered the WTO in 2001. So the global value chain, now I call it a 'tri-polar structure', with East Asia led by China, Europe led by Germany, and North America led by the U.S. It has been in existence for 30 years. But Trump wants to change that, which is a shock therapy to the global value chain, not only to China, but to the entire world," he said.
In another interview, Tu Xinquan, dean and professor at the China Institute for WTO Studies of the University of International Business and Economics, said the tariff hikes are unlikely to have the desired effects for the country's domestic economy.
"Trump has kind of superstition in tariffs. He believes that tariffs can do anything, can be very, very useful to save the U.S. manufacturing or to help the U.S. economy. The situation is very complicated. Actually, the U.S. has to take comprehensive measures to deal with their own problems. Tariffs are not so useful as Trump believes," he said.
China will impose additional tariffs on certain U.S. products starting from February 10, the Customs Tariff Commission of the State Council said on Tuesday.
U.S. tariff hikes to disrupt global value chain, fail to revive manufacturing: experts
Foreign diplomats and scholars are looking closely at this year's "two sessions", saying China's 15th Five-Year Plan (2026-2030) will not only chart the nation's economic and technological priorities but also reshape global value chains.
The fourth session of the 14th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), the nation's top political advisory body, opened on Wednesday, followed by the annual session of the National People's Congress (NPC) on Thursday. Together known as the "two sessions," these meetings offer a comprehensive view into China's development priorities.
Global observers emphasized that the 15th Five-Year Plan, a blueprint guiding the nation's economic, social, and technological priorities over the next five years, marks a decisive shift toward high‑quality growth anchored in advanced technologies, with ripple effects across the world.
"The two sessions will discuss China's five-year plan, which is heavily oriented toward China's major technological development. I believe this is important because it represents the new blueprint for China's economy, which is now oriented toward the renowned high-quality development, and this will undoubtedly impact the entire world. I think it is worth studying. This is very important for Latin America. It will help us integrate more intelligently into global value chains and into all aspects of the major development that China is promoting in iconic industrial sectors, such as artificial intelligence, quantum computing, and space development, where Latin America also has much to contribute beyond just commercial growth," said Gustavo Sabino Vaca Narvaja, former Argentine Ambassador to China.
"The two sessions are a major political milestone in China, and this year's gathering carries even greater significance as this year marks the start of the 15th Five-Year Plan. This plan represents not only a blueprint for China, but also a guide for other countries. Instruments like the five-year plan effectively provide greater certainty and predictability for the rest of the world," said Chilean scholar of international relations Ignacio Araya Heredia.
"This is a particularly important date, especially due to the fact that the next Five-Year Plan shall be positioned and we're going to see what its main elements shall be. Serbia, which has a very high degree of steel friendship with the People's Republic of China, can expect further assistance in identifying the most prominent areas of Serbian economy and being helped by its great partner, such as it has been done in the previous period, from one part with establishing the main infrastructure projects, but also reshaping the industrial sector of Serbia, not just Serbia, but the region as a whole," said Veljko Mijuskovic, assistant professor of the Faculty of Economics of the University of Belgrade.
Beyond the policy framework, experts also pointed to China's achievements in green energy and technological innovation as models worth emulating.
Tomasz Bielinski, adjunct professor at the University of Gdansk's Faculty of Economics, said the robotics displays at the 2026 China Media Group (CMG) Spring Festival Gala reflected China's broader push in technological innovation.
"I was really impressed about the robotics. I'm very impressed with Chinese development in the technological field, we can still make great deals with Chinese businessmen and we can cooperate together to use this technology for both the good of China and the European Union. I'm aware of the innovation especially in autonomous drive on the on the Chinese side," he said.
"We hope for more of China's economic cooperation, especially in trade and also in investment. Also, and the other focus, if I talk about the focus of the development, don't forget about the green energy. We know that China is great in the electric vehicle field. So because China's electric vehicles in Indonesia nowadays, since couple of years ago, are very, very popular," said Al Busyra Basnur, president of the Indonesia-China Friendship Association.
Observers see China's new five-year plan driving high-quality development, global tech shifts
