田納西州諾克斯維爾--(BUSINESS WIRE)--二月 12, 2025--
(美國商業資訊)-- 作為核融合產業商業化的里程碑，Type One Energy與田納西河谷管理局（TVA）簽訂合作協議，利用Type One Energy仿星器核融合發電技術，共同為田納西河谷地區未來的TVA核融合電廠專案制定計畫。這座350 MWe核融合試驗電廠名為Infinity Two，最早可在2030年代中期為該地區提供基本負載發電的補充能源，除部署在新建場地以確保能源安全和可靠性外，還可能重新利用TVA已退役的化石燃料發電廠基礎設施。
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該合作協議進一步擴展的「 Project Infinity 」專案最初由Type One Energy、TVA和美國能源部的橡樹嶺國家實驗室（ORNL）於2024年初啟動，並得到了田納西州的支持。專案最初的核心是在TVA的Bull Run電廠部署Type One Energy Infinity One仿星器原型，現在則包括更深入、更廣泛地參與核融合能源的商業化。TVA和Type One Energy將在Infinity Two核融合電廠選址研究、環境審查和許可，以及專案計畫的製定和多方融資方面開展合作。Type One Energy將支援TVA對該專案的評估和審查。
TVA創新與研究副總裁Joe Hoagland表示：「釋放美國的能源潛力需要包括核融合在內的各種發電形式。能源安全就是國家安全，我們專注於開發技術、供應鏈和交付模式，以建立一個能夠為美國和世界提供能源的產業。」
與TVA的以上目標一致，該合作協議的範圍與雙方之間的一項單獨安排相關聯，以利用TVA位於阿拉巴馬州馬斯爾肖爾斯的電力服務站（PSS）的能力。PSS使Type One Energy能夠繼續為仿星器核融合電廠打造供應鏈，並將為Infinity Two的模組化製造和組裝提供支援。重要的是，在成功部署Infinity Two之後，這項安排也將讓TVA能夠從後續的全球核融合能源擴張中獲益。
現在，Project Infinity專案也致力於勞動力發展，對與組裝、運作和維護核融合仿星器相關的技能和知識進行培訓。Infinity One原型獨特的與發電廠相關的全天候能力將有助於重要的技能培養和知識轉移。田納西州和阿拉巴馬州擁有部署和營運新能源技術的悠久歷史，完全有能力為成功、可靠地利用核融合產生能源提供所需的人才和資源。這就是TVA和Type One Energy將如何讓田納西河谷的社區越來越多地參與Project Infinity專案中來，並從該專案提供的投資、就業機會和能源安全中獲益的一個例子。
Type One Energy執行長Christofer Mowry表示：「我們有幸能與TVA這樣的能源公司合作。TVA為我們帶來了一流的電廠營運、維護、工程、許可，甚至是項目規劃和建設能力，所有這些對成功至關重要的技能，我們現在都不需要再重新嘗試，從而讓我們能夠專注於完成Infinity Two的設計，並在TVA的Bull Run電廠用Infinity One原型進行測試。我們能夠集中精力開發和提供核心仿星器技術，這對我們實現核融合電廠商業化具有重大意義。 」
Project Infinity專案持續推進Type One Energy的策略，即利用全球能源產業的既有能力，最大限度地降低商業化風險，避免垂直整合帶來的挑戰。該協議是對Type One Energy最近宣布的與Commonwealth Fusion Systems達成的技術授權和製造協議的補充。此外，Project Infinity專案也與TVA的使命不謀而合，即透過開發和部署創新電力技術，提供安全、可靠、經濟和有彈性的電力。
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CONTACT: 媒體聯繫：
Type One Energy:
Andrea Schneibel
行銷與傳訊
608-616-5965
andrea.schneibel@typeoneenergy.comTVA:
Scott Fiedler
TVA媒體關係
901-414-6964
safiedler@tva.gov
KEYWORD: TENNESSEE UNITED STATES NORTH AMERICA
INDUSTRY KEYWORD: ENVIRONMENT OTHER ENERGY ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH UTILITIES OIL/GAS COAL SUSTAINABILITY ALTERNATIVE ENERGY ENERGY NUCLEAR
SOURCE: Type One Energy
Copyright Business Wire 2025.
PUB: 02/12/2025 09:06 AM/DISC: 02/12/2025 09:07 AM
http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20250211269922/zh
Type One Energy的未來原型Infinity One在TVA的Bull Run火電廠內的藝術效果圖。 (照片：美國商業資訊）
LUANDA, Angola (AP) — Pope Leo XIV called Sunday for Angolans to fight the “scourge of corruption” with a culture of justice as he opened a poignant day in his African odyssey that will take the American pope to an epicenter of the African slave trade.
Leo celebrated Mass before an estimated 100,000 people outside the capital and again sought to encourage Angolans. He denounced the exploitation of their mineral-rich land and people, who still bear the scars of a brutal, post-independence civil war.
“We wish to build a country where old divisions are overcome once and for all, where hatred and violence disappear, and where the scourge of corruption is healed by a new culture of justice and sharing,” Leo said in his homily in Kilamba, a Chinese-built development about 25 kilometers (15 miles) outside the capital.
Later Sunday, Leo will celebrate the Rosary prayer at the Sanctuary of Mama Muxima, an important Catholic shrine on the edge of the Kwanza River about 110 kilometers (70 miles) south of Luanda.
The Church of Our Lady of Muxima, built by Portuguese colonizers at the end of the 16th century as part of a fortress complex, became a hub in the slave trade. It was where enslaved Africans were gathered to be baptized by Portuguese priests before being forced to walk to the port of Luanda to be put on ships to the Americas.
While it's a popular Catholic shrine today, its history is emblematic of the Catholic Church’s role in the slave trade hundreds of years ago, the forced baptisms of enslaved people and what some scholars say is the Holy See’s continued refusal to fully acknowledge it and atone for it.
The visit is particularly significant because the Creole ancestors of the first U.S.-born pope include enslaved people and slave owners, according to genealogical research.
“For Black Catholics, Pope Leo’s visit to the Muxima shrine is an important moment of healing,” said Anthea Butler, senior fellow at the Koch Center, Oxford University.
She noted that many Black Catholics are Catholic because of slavery and the “Code Noir,” which she said required slaves purchased by Catholic owners to be baptized in the church.
“Others were already Catholic when they were trafficked from Angola to slave holding colonies,” said Butler, a Black Catholic scholar whose maternal family hails from Louisiana, where the pope’s ancestors also had their roots.
Angola’s Portuguese colonizers were emboldened by 15th-century directives from the Vatican that authorized them to enslave non-Christians.
In 1452, for example, Pope Nicholas V issued the papal bull Dum Diversas, which gave the Portuguese king and his successors the right “to invade, conquer, fight and subjugate” and take all possessions — including land — of “Saracens, and pagans, and other infidels, and enemies of the name of Christ” anywhere, said the Rev. Christopher J. Kellerman, a Jesuit priest and author of “All Oppression Shall Cease: A History of Slavery, Abolitionism, and the Catholic Church.”
The bull also gave the Portuguese permission “to reduce their persons to perpetual slavery.”
That bull and another issued three years later, Romanus Pontifex, formed the basis of the Doctrine of Discovery, the theory that legitimized the colonial-era seizure of land in Africa and the Americas, and justified slavery.
The Vatican in 2023 formally repudiated the Doctrine of Discovery, but it never formally rescinded, abrogated or rejected the bulls themselves. The Vatican insists that a later bull, Sublimis Deus in 1537, reaffirmed that Indigenous peoples shouldn’t be deprived of their liberty or the possession of their property, and were not to be enslaved.
Kellerman recalled that most of the 12.5 million Africans who were direct victims of the trans-Atlantic slave trade were sold into slavery by other Africans and were not captured by Europeans.
“That being said, at the time of the building of Muxima, the Portuguese were doing both — buying enslaved people and colonizing/slave raiding. So they were fully using their papal permissions during this time,” he said in emailed comments to The Associated Press.
He said the first pope to condemn slavery itself was Pope Leo XIII, the current pope’s namesake and inspiration, in two encyclicals in 1888 and 1890. But Kellerman said that pope and others since have continued to perpetuate the “false narrative” that the Holy See was always against slavery, when the historical record says otherwise.
While Leo's visit to Muxima was in honor of its role as a shrine, Kellerman said he hoped that the visit would also give Leo a chance to learn more about the history of the slave trade.
“The popes repeatedly authorized Portugal’s colonization efforts in Africa and Portuguese participation in the slave trade, but the Vatican has never fully admitted this,” he said. “It would be so powerful if at some point Pope Leo were to apologize for the popes’ role in the trade.”
During a 1985 visit to Cameroon, St. John Paul II asked forgiveness of Africans for the slave trade. In 1992 visit to Goree Island, Senegal, the largest slave-trading center in West Africa, he denounced the injustice of slavery and called it a “tragedy of a civilization that called itself Christian.”
According to genealogical research published by Henry Louis Gates Jr., 17 of Leo's American ancestors were Black, listed in census records as mulatto, black, Creole or a free person of color. His family tree includes slaveholders and enslaved people, Gates reported in an essay in the New York Times.
Gates, a Harvard University professor who hosts the popular PBS documentary series “Finding Your Roots,” presented his research to Leo during a July 5 audience at the Vatican. According to a report of their meeting in The Harvard Gazette, “The pope asked about ancestors, both Black and white, who were enslavers.”
Leo has not spoken publicly about his family heritage or the Gates research, and some Black Catholic scholars are hesitant to impose on him a narrative about his identity that he himself has not yet addressed publicly.
“It’s important that we tell our own stories,” said Tia Noelle Pratt, a sociologist of religion and professor at Villanova University, the pope’s alma mater.
“We haven’t heard anything from him about what he thinks about it, and so to impose anything on him, I think would be completely inappropriate,” said Pratt, author of “Faithful and Devoted: Racism and Identity in the African-American Catholic Experience.”
Cardinal Wilton Gregory, the retired archbishop of Washington and the first African American cardinal, said he was “delighted” to have facilitated the encounter.
“It’s one of the things that I think for many African Americans and people of color, they identify with great pride the pope has roots in our own heritage,” Gregory said. “And I think he’s happy about that too, because it’s another link to the people that he tries to serve and is called to serve.”
Associated Press religion coverage receives support through the AP’s collaboration with The Conversation US, with funding from Lilly Endowment Inc. The AP is solely responsible for this content.
Pope Leo XIV arrives in Kilamba, some 30 kilometers south of Luanda, Angola, to preside over Sunday Mass, Sunday, April 19, 2026, on the seventh day of an 11-day apostolic journey to Africa. (AP Photo/Andrew Medichini)
People walk by the Church of Our Lady of Muxima in Muxima, Angola, Saturday, April 11, 2026, which Pope Leo XIV will visit during his 11-day pastoral visit to Africa. (AP Photo)
Pope Leo XIV presides over Sunday Mass, Sunday, April 19, 2026, in Kilamba, some 30 kilometers south of Luanda, Angola, on the seventh day of an 11-day apostolic journey to Africa. (AP Photo/Andrew Medichini)
Pope Leo XIV arrives in Kilamba, some 30 kilometers south of Luanda, Angola, to preside over Sunday Mass, Sunday, April 19, 2026, on the seventh day of an 11-day apostolic journey to Africa. (AP Photo/Andrew Medichini)
Pope Leo XIV presides over Sunday Mass, Sunday, April 19, 2026, in Kilamba, some 30 kilometers south of Luanda, Angola, on the seventh day of an 11-day apostolic journey to Africa. (AP Photo/Andrew Medichini)
