The internal components of the fire-stroke cooling tower at the Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant (ZNPP) were seriously damaged, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Director General Rafael Mariano Grossi said on Tuesday.
Grossi made the statement after a staff member of the nuclear power plant took pictures of the damage situation in the cooling tower from the water nozzle distribution level, about 10 meters high from ground.
The IAEA said on the same day that its team at the ZNPP reviewed the evidence provided to them, with Grossi saying that the evidence had strengthened the agency's conclusion that the fire in the cooling tower did not start from the bottom.
The IAEA team had also requested access to another cooling tower at the nuclear power plant to view its internal structure, but due to air raid sirens, they were escorted back to a safe location.
According to Russia's State Atomic Energy Corporation Rosatom, the cooling tower of the ZNPP was attacked by the Ukrainian forces, resulting in the tower catching fire on Sunday evening local time.
However, the Ukrainian side said on Sunday that Russia set fire to the nuclear power plant, and Russia should be held accountable for this.
Currently, the radiation levels at the nuclear power plant remain within normal limits.
The ZNPP is the largest nuclear power plant in Europe and includes six power units with a total capacity of six gigawatts.
Internal components of cooling tower of Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant seriously damaged: IAEA
Internal components of cooling tower of Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant seriously damaged: IAEA
Internal components of cooling tower of Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant seriously damaged: IAEA
Internal components of cooling tower of Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant seriously damaged: IAEA
A 25 percent import tariff on all foreign-built vehicles entering the United States has raised serious concerns for manufacturers in South Africa.
Automotive giants like Mercedes and BMW have long used South Africa as a base for global exports -- but those plans may be shifting into reverse gear after the U.S. announced the punitive measures.
"If you take, for example, BMW, 97 percent of the X3 that we are producing in Rosslyn is exported out of the country. We only sell 3 percent in South Africa, and there's a huge number of those vehicles that also go into the U.S. So there are companies in South Africa that are purely here not because they are selling vehicles in South Africa; they are here to produce vehicles for the global market, and it's important for them to remain globally competitive," said Mike Mabasa, CEO of the National Association of Automobile Manufacturers of South Africa.
U.S. automaker Ford, which has deep roots in South Africa, is also in the crosshairs.
The company recently invested over 300 million U.S. dollars to upgrade its Silverton plant in Pretoria, South Africa, for the production of the world's only plug-in hybrid Ranger, which has just entered production but could face delays or restrictions.
"If an American citizen wants to buy specifically a Ford Ranger that is a plug-in hybrid, they can only place an order in South Africa, nowhere else in the world. So, that means, obviously, the capacity of Ford to be able to produce those vehicles in big volumes is going to be constrained, because Americans are going be looking at another Ford that is produced in another country, or even in the United States," said Mabasa.
South Africa has long enjoyed duty-free automotive exports to the U.S. under the African Growth and Opportunity Act, but that relationship now hangs in the balance.
A sharp shift in U.S. foreign policy threatens to derail an industry that employs thousands and contributes around 5 percent to the country's economy.
"We produce less than 1 percent of global automotive vehicles, so to say. So, in reality, the impact on us is likely to be more disproportionate than those of our peers that produce at the same level. And the risk is actually created -- a concentration risk -- in countries that have greater capacity and are building more; in those countries will be able to absorb some of this," said Parks Tau, South Africa's minister of trade and industry.
Amid growing concerns about overreliance on the U.S. market, Amith Singh, national manager for manufacturing at Nedbank Commercial Bank, emphasized the importance of tapping into regional trade opportunities.
"I think we need to make better use of some of our local agreements, our African continental agreements. How do we leverage that? How do we partner with the government and private sector to start benefiting the countries and the economies aside from the United States? So, those could be the catalyst to drive our localization projects; it could be what we need to drive the African economy as opposed to being completely reliant on the States (United States)," he said.
South Africa is for now standing firm in its decision not to retaliate against steep U.S. import tariffs, set to take effect in just a few days.
Officials in Pretoria acknowledge the challenges posed by the current U.S. administration but are pursuing a diplomatic approach in hopes of maintaining stable relations and preserving the African Growth and Opportunity Act.
US tariffs rock South Africa’s auto industry
